This book reviews the impact of long-term iron chelating therapy using deferoxamine or the new, but controversial oral iron chelator deferiprone based on experience gained by multicenter trials, with special emphasis on survival, morbidity and drug toxicity; reviews the development of new and improved orally effective chelators that may be suitable for clinical use in the near future; and examines novel strategies of iron chelating treatment for the control of cell proliferation in malignant disease or malaria.