An edition of Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution (1902)

Mutual Aid

a Factor of Evolution

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Mutual Aid
Peter Kropotkin, Peter Kropotk ...
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Last edited by bitnapper
March 16, 2024 | History
An edition of Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution (1902)

Mutual Aid

a Factor of Evolution

  • 4.3 (3 ratings) ·
  • 61 Want to read
  • 4 Currently reading
  • 4 Have read

Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is a 1902 collection of anthropological essays by Russian naturalist and anarchist philosopher Peter Kropotkin. The essays, initially published in the English periodical The Nineteenth Century between 1890 and 1896, explore the role of mutually-beneficial cooperation and reciprocity (or "mutual aid") in the animal kingdom and human societies both past and present. It is an argument against theories of social Darwinism that emphasize competition and survival of the fittest, and against the romantic depictions by writers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who thought that cooperation was motivated by universal love. Instead Kropotkin argues that mutual aid has pragmatic advantages for the survival of human and animal communities and, along with the conscience, has been promoted through natural selection.

Mutual Aid is considered a fundamental text in anarchist communism. It presents a scientific basis for communism as an alternative to the historical materialism of the Marxists. Kropotkin considers the importance of mutual aid for prosperity and survival in the animal kingdom, in indigenous and early European societies, in the Medieval free cities (especially through the guilds), and in the late 19th century village, labor movement, and poor folk. He criticizes the State for destroying historically important mutual aid institutions, particularly through the imposition of private property.

Many biologists also consider it an important catalyst in the scientific study of cooperation.

(Source: Wikipedia)

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2011, tredition Verlag
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2011, Trotzdem Verlag, Alibri Verlag
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2009, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
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2007, Самообразование
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L' entraide: un facteur de l'évolution
2001, Éditions Écosociété
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Gegenseitige Hilfe in der Tier- und Menschenwelt
1999, Trotzdem Verlag
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Interhelpo: Kiel faktoro de l’ evoluo
1995, Impeto
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Gegenseitige Hilfe in der Tier- und Menschenwelt
1989, Trotzdem Verlag, Verlag Monte Verita
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Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution (Collected Works of Peter Kropotkin)
December 1988, Black Rose Books
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Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution (Collected Works of Peter Kropotkin)
December 1988, Black Rose Books
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Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
January 1, 1987, Freedom Press
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1987, Freedom Press
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Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
June 1976, Porter Sargent Publishers
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Gegenseitige Hilfe in der Tier- und Menschenwelt
1975, Karin Kramer Verlag
in German - 1.-2. Tsd. [Nachdr. d. Ausg. Leipzig, Thomas, 1908].
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Hu zhu lun
1973, Pa mi er shu dian
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Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
April 1, 1972, New York University Press
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Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
1972, New York University Press
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Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
1972, Allen Lane
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Mutual aid, a factor of evolution.
1972, Garland Pub.
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1960, Extending Horizons Books
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1955, Extending Horizons
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Mutual Aid A Factor of Evolution
1955-01-01, Extending Horizons Books
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1955, Extending Horisons Books
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Mutual aid, a factor of evolution.
1955, Extending Horizons Books
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Il mutuo appoggio, fattore dell'evoluzione
1950, Libreria internazionale di avanguardia
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1946, "Słowo" i Spółdzielczy Instytut Wydawniczy
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Mutual aid
1939, Penguin Books
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1939, Penguin
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1939, Penguin Books
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution.
1939, Penguin
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Cover of: Mutual aid
Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1919, W. Heinemann
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Cover of: Vzaimnai͡a︡ pomoshchʹ, kak faktor ėvoli͡u︡t͡s︡īi
Vzaimnai͡a︡ pomoshchʹ, kak faktor ėvoli͡u︡t͡s︡īi
1918, Izd. "Nauch.-anarkhistskoĭ biblīoteki"
in Russian
Cover of: Mutual aid
Cover of: Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
Cover of: Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
Cover of: Mutual aid
Cover of: Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
1915, Heinemann
in English - Popular ed.
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Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
1915, Heinemann
in English - Popular ed.
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1914, William Heinemann
in English - Revised ... edition.
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1913
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Gegenzaytige hilf.
1913
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Gegenzayṭige hilf bay ḥayes un menshen: als a faḳṭor fun enṭṿiḳlung
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1913, Ḳropoṭḳin liṭeraṭur-gezelshafṭ
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Gegenzayṭige hilf bay ḥayes un menshen: als a faḳṭor fun enṭṿiḳlung
1913, Ḳropoṭḳin liṭeraṭur-gezelshafṭ
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1913, Ḳropoṭḳin liṭeraṭur-gezelshafṭ
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1910, W. Heinemann
in English - Rev. and cheaper ed. --
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Cover of: Mutual aid
Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1910, W. Heinemann
in English - Rev. and cheaper ed. --
Cover of: Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
1910, Heinemann
- Revised and cheaper edition
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution.
1908, Heinmann
in English
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Gegenseitige Hilfe in der Tier- und Menschenwelt
1908, Theod. Thomas
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El apoyo mutuo: un factor de la evolución
1906, B. Bauza, Vincente Matera
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L'e ntr'aide, un facteur de l'evolution
1906, Librairie Hachette et Cie
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1904, McClure Phillips
- Rev.
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Gegenseitige hilfe in der entwickelung.
1904, T. Thomas
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1904, W. Heinemann
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Cover of: Mutual aid
Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1904, W. Heinemann
in English - Rev. and cheaper ed.
Cover of: Mutual aid
Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1904, W. Heinemann
- Rev. and cheaper e
Cover of: Mutual aid,
Mutual aid,: A factor of evolution,
1904-01-01, W. Heinemann
Cover of: Mutual aid
Mutual aid: a factor of evolution.
1904, Heinemann
in English - Revised and cheaper ed.
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Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
1903, McClure Phillips
in English
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Mutual aid, a factor of evolution
1902, McClure Phillips
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
1902, McClure, Philips & Co.
in English
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Mutual Aid
Publish date unknown, Penguin Books Ltd
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Mutual aid: a factor of evolution
Publisher unknown
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OL38281359M
ISBN 13
9781306338929

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March 16, 2024 Edited by bitnapper merge authors
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