The publication analyses the Islamic legal framework on trafficking in persons, especially by calling for the elimination of the institution of slavery, the prohibition of exploitation of human beings in all its forms, the rejection of oppression and hardship, and the promotion of the duty of the public to promote good and prohibit evil. The paper addresses principles behind the prohibition of exploitation and slavery in both international and Islamic law, as well as principles providing for the protection of victims. It is targeted both at Islamic practitioners who want to learn more about combating human trafficking and also at anti-trafficking practitioners wanting to learn more about Islamic law.