MARC Record from marc_columbia

LEADER: 21883cam a2200925 i 4500
001 15131669
005 20220326232422.0
006 m o d
007 cr cnu|||unuuu
008 180411s2012 flu ob 000 0 eng d
035 $a(OCoLC)on1030993394
035 $a(NNC)15131669
040 $aN$T$beng$erda$epn$cN$T$dN$T$dOCLCF$dCRCPR$dYDXCP$dU3W$dINT$dOCLCQ$dYDX$dOCLCQ$dAU@$dOCLCQ$dUKAHL$dRDF$dOCLCO$dOCLCA$dK6U$dOCLCO$dUKQUB$dOCLCQ$dOCLCO
066 $c(S
019 $a910943523$a1267408875
020 $a9781439896921$q(electronic bk.)
020 $a1439896925$q(electronic bk.)
020 $z9781420083156
020 $a9781420083163
020 $a1420083163
020 $a9780429184369$q(print)
020 $a0429184360
035 $a(OCoLC)1030993394$z(OCoLC)910943523$z(OCoLC)1267408875
037 $aProquest deposit
050 4 $aR895
060 4 $a2011 J-326
060 4 $aWN 110
072 7 $aHEA$x039000$2bisacsh
072 7 $aMED$x014000$2bisacsh
072 7 $aMED$x022000$2bisacsh
072 7 $aMED$x112000$2bisacsh
072 7 $aMED$x045000$2bisacsh
082 04 $a616.0757$223
049 $aZCUA
100 1 $aDendy, P. P.,$eauthor.
245 10 $aPhysics for diagnostic radiology /$cP.P. Dendy, B. Heaton.
250 $aThird edition.
264 1 $aBoca Raton :$bCRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group,$c[2012]
264 4 $c©2012
300 $a1 online resource
336 $atext$btxt$2rdacontent
337 $acomputer$bc$2rdamedia
338 $aonline resource$bcr$2rdacarrier
490 1 $aSeries in medical physics and biomedical engineering
504 $aIncludes bibliographical references.
588 0 $aVendor-supplied metadata.
505 0 $6880-01$a1. Fundamentals of radiation physics and radioactivity / P.P. Dendy and B. Heaton -- 2. Production of x-rays / P.P. Dendy and B. Heaton -- 3. Interaction of x-rays and gamma rays with matter / B. Heaton and P.P. Dendy -- 4. Radiation measurement / B. Heaton and P.P. Dendy -- 5. The image receptor / O.W.E. Morrish and P.P. Dendy -- 6. The radiological image / O.W.E. Morrish and P.P. Dendy -- 7. Assessment of image quality and optimisation / P.P. Dendy and O.W.E. Morrish -- 8. Tomographic imaging with x-rays / S.J. Yates and P.P. Dendy -- 9. Special radiographic techniques / P.P. Dendy and B. Heaton -- 10. Diagnostic imaging with radioactive materials / F.I. McKiddie -- 11. Positron emission tomographic imaging (PET) / P.H. Jarritt -- 12. Radiobiology and generic radiation risks / P.P. Dendy and B. Heaton -- 13. Radiation doses and risks to patients / K.E. Goldstone and P.P. Dendy -- 14. Practical radiation protection and legislation / B. Heaton and P.P. Dendy -- 15. Diagnostic ultrasound / A.C. Fairhead and T.A. Whittingham -- 16. Magnetic resonance imaging / Elizabeth A. Moore -- 17. Digital image storage and handling / G. Cusick -- 18. Multiple choice questions.
520 $a"With every chapter revised and updated, Physics for Diagnostic Radiology, Third Edition continues to emphasize the importance of physics education as a critical component of radiology training. This bestselling text helps readers understand how various imaging techniques work, from planar analogue and digital radiology to computed tomography (CT), nuclear medicine, and positron emission tomography (PET) to ultrasound imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). New to the Third Edition Material on digital receptors Emphasis on the differences between analogue and digital images Coverage of multi-slice CT and three-dimensional resolution, dual energy applications, and cone beam CT Special radiographic techniques, including subtraction techniques and interventional radiology New chapter on PET, with discussion of multi-modality imaging (PET/CT) Additional material on radiation doses and risks to patients New chapter covering picture archiving and communication system (PACS), teleradiology, networks, archiving, and related factors A summary of the main teaching points at the beginning of each chapter After an introductory chapter on basic physics, the book follows the x-ray imaging process: production of x-rays, interaction with the patient, radiation measurement, the image receptor, the radiological image, and image quality assessment. It then covers more advanced x-ray techniques as well as imaging with radioactive materials. The text also focuses on radiobiology, risk and radiation protection, and imaging with non-ionising radiation. The final chapter discusses data handling in a modern, electronic radiology department"--Provided by publisher
650 0 $aMedical physics.
650 0 $aRadiography, Medical.
650 0 $aDiagnostic imaging.
650 22 $aRadiation Protection
650 2 $aDiagnostic Imaging
650 4 $aMedical physics.
650 4 $aRadiation Dosage.
650 4 $aRadiation Monitoring.
650 4 $aRadiation Protection.
650 4 $aRadiography, Medical.
650 4 $aRadiography.
650 4 $aHealth Physics.
650 4 $aDiagnostic imaging.
650 6 $aPhysique médicale.
650 6 $aRadiographie (Médecine)
650 6 $aImagerie pour le diagnostic.
650 7 $aHEALTH & FITNESS$xDiseases$xGeneral.$2bisacsh
650 7 $aMEDICAL$xClinical Medicine.$2bisacsh
650 7 $aMEDICAL$xDiseases.$2bisacsh
650 7 $aMEDICAL$xEvidence-Based Medicine.$2bisacsh
650 7 $aMEDICAL$xInternal Medicine.$2bisacsh
650 7 $aDiagnostic imaging.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst00892354
650 7 $aMedical physics.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst01014499
650 7 $aRadiography, Medical.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst01088105
655 4 $aElectronic books.
700 1 $aHeaton, B.,$eauthor.
776 1 $z9781420083156
830 0 $aSeries in medical physics and biomedical engineering.
856 40 $uhttp://www.columbia.edu/cgi-bin/cul/resolve?clio15131669$zTaylor & Francis eBooks
880 00 $6505-00/(S$gMachine generated contents note:$g1.$tFundamentals of Radiation Physics and Radioactivity /$rB Heaton --$g1.1.$tStructure of the Atom --$g1.2.$tNuclear Stability and Instability --$g1.3.$tRadioactive Concentration and Specific Activity --$g1.3.1.$tRadioactive Concentration --$g1.3.2.$tSpecific Activity --$g1.4.$tRadioactive Decay Processes --$g1.4.1.$tβ-Decay --$g1.4.2.$tβ+Decay --$g1.4.3.$tα Decay --$g1.5.$tExponential Decay --$g1.6.$tHalf-life --$g1.7.$tSecular and Transient Equilibrium --$g1.8.$tBiological and Effective Half-Life --$g1.9.$tGamma Radiation --$g1.10.$tX-rays and Gamma Rays as Forms of Electromagnetic Radiation --$g1.11.$tQuantum Properties of Radiation --$g1.12.$tInverse Square Law --$g1.13.$tInteraction of Radiation with Matter --$g1.14.$tLinear Energy Transfer --$g1.15.$tEnergy Changes in Radiological Physics --$g1.16.$tConclusion --$tFurther Reading --$tExercises --$g2.$tProduction of X-Rays /$rB Heaton --$g2.1.$tIntroduction --$g2.2.$tX-ray Spectrum --$g2.2.1.$tContinuous Spectrum --$g2.2.2.$tLow and High Energy Cut-Off --$g2.2.3.$tShape of the Continuous Spectrum --$g2.2.4.$tLine or Characteristic Spectra --$g2.2.5.$tFactors Affecting the X-ray Spectrum --$g2.2.5.1.$tTube Current, IT --$g2.2.5.2.$tTime of Exposure --$g2.2.5.3.$tApplied Voltage --$g2.2.5.4.$tWaveform of Applied Voltage --$g2.2.5.5.$tFiltration --$g2.2.5.6.$tAnode Material --$g2.3.$tComponents of the X-ray Tube --$g2.3.1.$tCathode --$g2.3.2.$tAnode Material --$g2.3.3.$tAnode Design --$g2.3.3.1.$tStationary Anode --$g2.3.3.2.$tRotating Anode --$g2.3.3.3.$tRotating Envelope --$g2.3.4.$tElectrical Circuits --$g2.3.4.1.$tTransformer --$g2.3.4.2.$tGenerating Different Voltage Wave Forms --$g2.3.4.3.$tMedium and High Frequency Generators --$g2.3.4.4.$tAction of Smoothing Capacitors --$g2.3.4.5.$tTube Kilovoltage and Tube Current Meters --$g2.3.5.$tTube Envelope and Housing --$g2.3.5.1.$tEnvelope --$g2.3.5.2.$tTube Housing --$g2.3.6.$tSwitching and Timing Mechanisms --$g2.3.6.1.$tPrimary Switches --$g2.3.6.2.$tTiming Mechanisms --$g2.3.6.3.$tElectronic Timer --$g2.3.6.4.$tFrequency or Pulse Counting Timers --$g2.3.6.5.$tPhoto Timer --$g2.3.7.$tElectrical Safety Features --$g2.3.7.1.$tTube Housing --$g2.3.7.2.$tHigh Tension Cables --$g2.3.7.3.$tElectrical Circuits --$g2.4.$tSpatial Distribution of X-rays --$g2.5.$tRating of an X-ray Tube --$g2.5.1.$tIntroduction --$g2.5.2.$tElectrical Rating --$g2.5.2.1.$tMaximum Voltage --$g2.5.2.2.$tMaximum Tube Current --$g2.5.2.3.$tGenerator Power --$g2.5.3.$tThermal Rating---Considerations at Short Exposures --$g2.5.3.1.$tEffect of Cooling --$g2.5.3.2.$tTarget Spot Size --$g2.5.3.3.$tAnode Design --$g2.5.3.4.$tTube Kilovoltage --$g2.5.4.$tOvercoming Short Exposure Rating Limits --$g2.5.5.$tMultiple or Prolonged Exposures --$g2.5.6.$tFalling Load Generators --$g2.5.7.$tSafety Interlocks --$g2.5.8.$tX-ray Tube Lifetime --$g2.6.$tMobile X-ray Generators --$g2.6.1.$tBattery Powered Generators --$g2.6.2.$tCapacitor Discharge Units --$g2.7.$tQuality Assurance of Performance for Standard X-ray Sets --$g2.8.$tConclusions --$tReferences --$tFurther Reading --$tExercises --$g3.$tInteraction of X-Rays and Gamma Rays with Matter /$rP P Dendy --$g3.1.$tIntroduction --$g3.2.$tExperimental Approach to Beam Attenuation --$g3.3.$tIntroduction to the Interaction Processes --$g3.3.1.$tBound and Free Electrons --$g3.3.2.$tAttenuation, Scatter and Absorption --$g3.4.$tInteraction Processes --$g3.4.1.$tElastic Scattering --$g3.4.2.$tPhotoelectric Effect --$g3.4.3.$tCompton Effect --$g3.4.3.1.$tDirection of Scatter --$g3.4.3.2.$tVariation of the Compton Coefficient with Photon Energy and Atomic Number --$g3.4.4.$tPair Production --$g3.5.$tCombining Interaction Effects and Their Relative Importance --$g3.6.$tBroad Beam and Narrow Beam Attenuation --$g3.7.$tConsequences of Interaction Processes when Imaging Patients --$g3.8.$tAbsorption Edges --$g3.9.$tFiltration and Beam Hardening --$g3.10.$tConclusions --$tReferences --$tFurther Reading --$tExercises --$g4.$tRadiation Measurement /$rP P Dendy --$g4.1.$tIntroduction --$g4.2.$tIonisation in Air as the Primary Radiation Standard --$g4.3.$tIonisation Chamber --$g4.4.$tGeiger-Muller Counter --$g4.4.1.$tGeiger-Muller Tube --$g4.4.2.$tComparison of Ionisation Chambers and Geiger-Muller Counters --$g4.4.2.1.$tType of Radiation --$g4.4.2.2.$tSensitivity --$g4.4.2.3.$tNature of Reading --$g4.4.2.4.$tSize --$g4.4.2.5.$tRobustness and Simplicity --$g4.5.$tRelationship between Exposure and Absorbed Dose --$g4.6.$tPractical Radiation Monitors --$g4.6.1.$tSecondary Ionisation Chambers --$g4.6.2.$tDose Area Product Meters --$g4.6.3.$tPocket Exposure Meters for Personnel Monitoring --$g4.7.$tSemi-conductor Detectors --$g4.7.1.$tBand Structure of Solids --$g4.7.2.$tMode of Operation --$g4.7.3.$tUses of the Silicon Diode --$g4.8.$tScintillation Detectors and Photomultiplier Tubes --$g4.9.$tSpectral Distribution of Radiation --$g4.10.$tVariation of Detector Sensitivity with Photon Energy --$g4.11.$tConclusions --$tFurther Reading --$tExercises --$g5.$tImage Receptor /$rP P Dendy --$g5.1.$tIntroduction --$g5.2.$tAnalogue and Digital Images --$g5.3.$tFluorescence, Phosphorescence, Photostimulation and Thermoluminescence --$g5.4.$tPhosphors and Photoluminescent Screens --$g5.4.1.$tProperties of Phosphors --$g5.4.2.$tProduction of Photoluminescent Screens --$g5.4.3.$tFilm-Phosphor Combinations in Radiography --$g5.5.$tX-ray Film --$g5.5.1.$tFilm Construction --$g5.5.2.$tCharacteristic Curve and Optical Density --$g5.5.3.$tFilm Gamma and Film Speed --$g5.5.4.$tLatitude --$g5.6.$tFilm Used with a Photoluminescent Screen --$g5.7.$tReciprocity --$g5.8.$tFilm-Screen Unsharpness --$g5.9.$tIntroduction to Digital Receptors and Associated Hardware --$g5.9.1.$tAnalogue to Digital Converters (ADCs) --$g5.9.2.$tPixellating the Image --$g5.10.$tDigital Radiography (DR) --$g5.11.$tPhotostimulable Phosphors---Computed Radiography (CR) --$g5.11.1.$tPhosphor Screen --$g5.11.2.$tRead Out Process --$g5.11.3.$tProperties --$g5.12.$tFilm Digitisation --$g5.13.$tReceptors Used in Fluoroscopy --$g5.13.1.$tImage Intensifiers --$g5.13.2.$tViewing the Image --$g5.13.3.$tCinefluorography and Spot Films --$g5.13.4.$tDigital Fluoroscopy --$g5.13.4.1.$tImage Intensifier-TV Systems --$g5.13.4.2.$tCharge Coupled Devices --$g5.13.4.3.$tFlat Panel Detectors --$g5.14.$tQuality Control of Image Receptors --$g5.14.1.$tX-ray Film --$g5.14.2.$tCR and DR Receptors --$g5.14.2.1.$tDark Noise --$g5.14.2.2.$tSignal Transfer Property --$g5.14.2.3.$tErasure Efficiency --$g5.14.2.4.$tDetector Uniformity --$g5.14.2.5.$tImage Quality --$g5.14.2.6.$tDetector Dose Indicator (DDI) Calibration --$g5.14.2.7.$tCR Plate Sensitivity --$g5.14.3.$tFluoroscopic Imaging Devices --$g5.14.3.1.$tField Size --$g5.14.3.2.$tImage Distortion --$g5.14.3.3.$tConversion Factor --$g5.14.3.4.$tContrast Capability and Resolution --$g5.14.3.5.$tAutomatic Brightness Control --$g5.14.3.6.$tViewing Screen Performance --$g5.15.$tConclusions --$tReferences --$tFurther Reading --$tExercises --$g6.$tRadiological Image /$rP P Dendy --$g6.1.$tIntroduction---the Meaning of Image Quality --$g6.2.$tPrimary Image --$g6.3.$tContrast --$g6.3.1.$tContrast on a Photoluminescent Screen --$g6.3.2.$tContrast on Radiographic Film --$g6.3.3.$tContrast on a Digital Image --$g6.3.4.$tOrigins of Contrast for Real and Artificial Media --$g6.4.$tEffects of Overlying and Underlying Tissue --$g6.5.$tReduction of Contrast by Scatter --$g6.6.$tVariation in Scatter with Photon Energy --$g6.7.$tReduction of Scatter --$g6.7.1.$tCareful Choice of Beam Parameters --$g6.7.2.$tOrientation of the Patient --$g6.7.3.$tCompression of the Patient --$g6.7.4.$tUse of Grids --$g6.7.5.$tAir Gap Technique --$g6.7.6.$tDesign of Intensifying Screen and Cassette --$g6.8.$tGrids --$g6.8.1.$tConstruction --$g6.8.2.$tUse --$g6.8.3.$tMovement --$g6.9.$tResolution and Unsharpness --$g6.9.1.$tGeometric.
880 00 $6505-01/(S$gContents note continued:$g14.4.5.9.$tRegulation 17 Local Rules and Radiation Protection Supervisors (RPSs) --$g14.4.5.10.$tRegulations 19 and 21 Dose Assessment and Monitoring --$g14.4.5.11.$tRegulation 27 Sealed Sources --$g14.4.5.12.$tRegulations 31 and 32 Duties of Manufacturers and Equipment Requirements --$g14.4.5.13.$tRegulations 33 and 34 Employee Responsibilities --$g14.5.$tX-ray Rooms --$g14.5.1.$tIntroduction --$g14.5.2.$tPoints of Note on Room Design --$g14.6.$tNuclear Medicine --$g14.6.1.$tIntroduction --$g14.6.2.$tPotential Internal Doses --$g14.6.3.$tCalculation of Ingestion Dose --$g14.6.4.$tSpecial Precautions in Nuclear Medicine --$g14.6.5.$tPET Facilities --$g14.7.$tPersonal Dosimetry --$g14.7.1.$tThermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs) and Film Badges --$g14.7.1.1.$tThermoluminescent Dosimeters --$g14.7.1.2.$tFilm Badge Dosimeters --$g14.7.1.3.$tRange of Response --$g14.7.1.4.$tLinearity of Response --$g14.7.1.5.$tCalibration against Radiation Standards --$g14.7.1.6.$tVariation of Sensitivity with Radiation Energy --$g14.7.1.7.$tSensitivity to Temperature and Humidity --$g14.7.1.8.$tUniformity of Response within Batches --$g14.7.1.9.$tMaximum Time of Use --$g14.7.1.10.$tCompactness --$g14.7.1.11.$tPermanent Visual Record --$g14.7.1.12.$tIndication of Type of Radiation --$g14.7.1.13.$tIndication of Pattern of Radiation --$g14.7.2.$tOptical Luminescence and Electronic Dosimeters --$g14.7.2.1.$tOptically Stimulated Luminescence --$g14.7.2.2.$tElectronic Personal Dosimeters (EPDs) --$g14.7.3.$tStaff Doses --$tAppendix --$tReferences --$tFurther Reading --$tExercises --$g15.$tDiagnostic Ultrasound /$rT A Whittingham --$g15.1.$tIntroduction --$g15.2.$tUltrasound Wave and the Principles of Echo Mapping --$g15.3.$tQuantities That Describe an Ultrasound Wave --$g15.3.1.$tDescribing the Vibration of the Medium --$g15.3.2.$tExcess Pressure --$g15.4.$tScale of the Diagnostic Ultrasound Pulse in Time and Space, and Why This Is Important --$g15.5.$tProduction of Echoes --$g15.5.1.$tCharacteristic Acoustic Impedance of a Medium --$g15.5.2.$tReflection --$g15.5.3.$tScattering --$g15.6.$tOther Aspects of Propagation --$g15.6.1.$tRefraction at a Boundary --$g15.6.2.$tAttenuation of Ultrasound --$g15.6.3.$tCalculating the Effect of Attenuation --$g15.6.4.$tNon-Linear Propagation --$g15.6.5.$tDispersion --$g15.7.$tUltrasound Probes, and How They Work --$g15.7.1.$tTransducer Element --$g15.7.2.$tDirecting Ultrasound along a Narrow Beam --$g15.7.2.1.$tPrinciples of Beamforming --$g15.7.2.2.$tReceive Beam, and the Principle of Reciprocity --$g15.7.2.3.$tSidelobes and Grating Lobes --$g15.7.2.4.$tNeed for Focussing --$g15.7.2.5.$tReducing the Slice Width of the Beam --$g15.7.3.$tScanning Probes --$g15.7.3.1.$tMechanically Scanned Probes --$g15.7.3.2.$tLinear and Curvilinear Array Probes --$g15.7.3.3.$tAnnular Array Probes --$g15.7.3.4.$tPhased Array Probes --$g15.7.3.5.$tIntra-Corporeal Probes (Endoprobes) --$g15.8.$tOverview of Diagnostic Ultrasound Modes --$g15.8.1.$tReview of Principles --$g15.8.2.$tA-Mode --$g15.8.3.$tB-Mode --$g15.8.4.$tM-Mode --$g15.8.5.$tDoppler Modes --$g15.9.$tTechnical Aspects of B-Mode Ultrasound --$g15.9.1.$tSome Factors that Affect the Quality of a B-Mode Image --$g15.9.2.$tBeamformer --$g15.9.3.$tRadio Frequency Amplification and Time-Gain Control --$g15.9.4.$tDigitisation --$g15.9.5.$tWrite Zoom --$g15.9.6.$tAmplitude Demodulation --$g15.9.7.$tDynamic Range Compression --$g15.9.8.$tImage Memory, Frame Store, and Scan Conversion --$g15.9.9.$tFacilities Based on the Image Memory --$g15.9.10.$tPost-Processing, or Grey-Map Selection --$g15.9.11.$tDisplay Monitor --$g15.9.12.$tStorage of Images, Patient Details and Examination Reports --$g15.10.$tB-Mode Artefacts --$g15.10.1.$tSpeckle Pattern --$g15.10.2.$tReverberation (Multiple Reflections) --$g15.10.3.$tMirror Image --$g15.10.4.$tBeamwidth Artefacts --$g15.10.5.$tSlice Thickness Artefact --$g15.10.6.$tIncomplete Boundaries --$g15.10.7.$tAcoustic Shadows --$g15.10.8.$tPost-Cystic Enhancement --$g15.10.9.$tAxial Registration Error --$g15.10.10.$tRefraction Artefacts --$g15.10.10.1.$tLateral Registration Error, and Double Image --$g15.10.10.2.$tEdge-Effect Shadowing --$g15.10.10.3.$tBeam Distortion, or Aberration --$g15.11.$tTissue-Harmonic Imaging (THI) --$g15.12.$tCompound Imaging (Compounding) --$g15.12.1.$tSpatial Compounding --$g15.12.2.$tFrequency Compounding --$g15.13.$tCoded Excitation --$g15.14.$tContrast Media---Imaging and Therapy --$g15.15.$t3D and 4D Ultrasound --$g15.15.1.$tIntroduction --$g15.15.2.$t3D and 4D Probes and Modes --$g15.16.$tUltrasound Elastography --$g15.17.$tDoppler Effect --$g15.17.1.$tDoppler Spectrum of Blood --$g15.17.2.$tContinuous-Wave Doppler Systems --$g15.17.3.$tAudio Doppler Blood-Flow Indicators --$g15.17.4.$tSampling, Digitisation and Spectral Analysis of Doppler Signals --$g15.17.5.$tPulsed-Wave Spectral Doppler, Duplex Scanners and the Aliasing Artefact --$g15.17.6.$tInterpretation of Doppler Signals --$g15.17.7.$tDoppler Artefacts --$g15.17.8.$tDoppler Imaging --$g15.18.$tUltrasound Safety --$g15.18.1.$tPhysical Effects and Their Biological Consequences --$g15.18.2.$tMinimising Hazard --$tConclusion --$tReferences --$tAcknowledgements --$tExercises --$g16.$tMagnetic Resonance Imaging /$rElizabeth A Moore --$g16.1.$tIntroduction --$g16.2.$tBasic Principles of Nuclear Magnetism --$g16.3.$tEffect of an External Magnetic Field --$g16.3.1.$tLarmor Equation --$g16.3.2.$tNet Magnetisation M0 --$g16.3.3.$tFrom Quantum to Classical --$g16.4.$tExcitation and Signal Reception --$g16.4.1.$tRF Excitation --$g16.4.2.$tSignal Reception --$g16.5.$tRelaxation Processes --$g16.5.1.$tSpin-Lattice Relaxation --$g16.5.2.$tSpin-Spin Relaxation --$g16.5.3.$tInhomogeneity Effects --$g16.6.$tProduction of Spin Echoes --$g16.7.$tMagnetic Field Gradients --$g16.7.1.$tFrequency Encoding Gradient and Fourier Transforms --$g16.7.2.$tPhase Encoding Gradient --$g16.7.3.$tSelective Excitation --$g16.7.4.$tReview of Image Formation --$g16.8.$tκ-space or Fourier Space --$g16.9.$tProduction of Gradient Echoes --$g16.9.1.$tDephasing Effects of Gradients --$g16.9.2.$tProduction of Gradient Echoes --$g16.10.$tImage Contrast --$g16.10.1.$tSpin Echo Image Contrast --$g16.10.2.$tGradient Echo Image Contrast --$g16.10.3.$tT1W, T2W and PDw Images --$g16.10.4.$tInversion Recovery Sequences (STIR and FLAIR) --$g16.11.$tContrast Agents --$g16.12.$tArtefacts and Avoiding Them --$g16.12.1.$tCardiac Gating --$g16.12.2.$tRespiratory Gating --$g16.12.3.$tMR Angiography --$g16.12.4.$tDigital Imaging Artefacts --$g16.12.5.$tDephasing Artefacts --$g16.13.$tTechnical Considerations --$g16.14.$tMRI Safety --$g16.14.1.$tMain Magnetic Field --$g16.14.2.$tProjectile Effect of B0 --$g16.14.3.$tGradient Fields --$g16.14.4.$tRF Fields --$g16.14.5.$tMRI in Pregnancy --$g16.15.$tConclusions and Future Developments --$tReferences --$tFurther Reading --$tExercises --$g17.$tDigital Image Storage and Handling /$rG Cusick --$g17.1.$tIntroduction --$g17.2.$tImaging Chain --$g17.3.$tImage Acquisition---Digital Representation of Images --$g17.3.1.$tSampling --$g17.3.2.$tEncoding and Storage --$g17.3.2.1.$tFiles --$g17.4.$tPACS System Architectures --$g17.4.1.$tNetworks --$g17.4.1.1.$tFunctions of the Network --$g17.4.1.2.$tOpen Systems Interconnection --$g17.4.2.$tEthernet --$g17.4.2.1.$tNetwork Topology---How Devices Are Connected Together --$g17.4.2.2.$tBridging and Switching --$g17.4.2.3.$tData Packaging on the Network --$g17.4.2.4.$tLayers 2 and 3 --$g17.4.3.$tInternet Protocol --$g17.4.3.1.$tIP Addressing --$g17.4.3.2.$tBandwidth and Latency --$g17.4.3.3.$tShared Networks --$g17.4.3.4.$tSubnets and Virtual Networks --$g17.4.3.5.$tQuality of Service --$g17.4.4.$tServers --$g17.4.4.1.$tImage Acquisition --$g17.4.4.2.$tImage Database --$g17.4.4.3.$tIntegration with Other Systems --$g17.4.5.$tVirtualisation --$g17.4.5.1.$tStorage --$g17.4.5.2.$tSizing Storage.
852 8 $blweb$hEBOOKS