MARC Record from marc_nuls

LEADER: 14573cam 2200373 a 4500
001 9922859560001661
005 20161129164001.0
008 001011s2001 cau be 001 0 eng c
010 $a 00109759
020 $a0121662551
035 $a(CSdNU)u238086-01national_inst
035 $a(OCoLC)46312842
035 $a(OCoLC)46312842
040 $aIND$cIND$dDLC$dOCLCQ$dMUQ$dOrPss
049 $aCNUM
050 00 $aPN4756$b.C645 2001
082 00 $a175$221
245 04 $aThe concise encyclopedia of ethics in politics and the media / $cedited by Ruth Chadwick.
246 3 $aEthics in politics and the media
260 $aSan Diego :$bAcademic Press,$cc2001.
300 $axix, 335 p. ;$c29 cm.
504 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
505 0 $aApplied Ethics, Overview / Earl R. Winkler -- Rise of Applied Ethics -- General Ethical Theory and Principalism -- Contextualism and Related Developments -- Questions of Conventionalism, Moral Expertise, and Moral Psychology -- Broadcast Journalism / Margaret Coffey -- History -- Commercial Model -- Public Service Model -- Recent Technological Developments -- Satellite Transmission -- Cable Television -- Narrowcasting -- The Internet -- Convergence and Concentration -- The Broadcast Journalist -- The Broadcast Journalist as Professional Employee -- The Broadcast Journalist and Technology -- The Broadcast Journalist and Her Audience -- Campaign Journalism / Philip Seib -- Why Ethics Matters in Political Journalism -- Responsibilities of Political Journalists -- Fairness and Objectivity -- News versus Truth -- Understanding Issues, Understanding Politics -- Challenges of Campaign Coverage -- Pack Journalism -- The "Character Issue" -- Screening the Candidates -- Horse Race Coverage -- Resisting Manipulation -- Demands of Real-Time Reporting -- Responsibilities to the Political Process -- Influencing Outcomes -- Covering Political Institutions -- Censorship / Bernard Williams -- Limits -- Pornography -- Public Good Defenses -- Civil Disobedience / Hugo Adam Bedeau -- Varieties of Civil Disobedience -- Individual versus Mass Conduct -- Illegal versus Legal Conduct -- Violent versus Nonviolent Conduct -- Direct versus Indirect Protest -- Criminal versus Civil Disobedience -- Justifying Civil Disobedience -- The Problem of Justified Law Breaking in Ancient Athens -- Christian Doctrine -- Secular Theories of Justification -- The Political Effectiveness of Civil Disobedience -- Civilian Populations in War, Targeting of / Gabriel Palmer-Fernandez -- The Practice of Targeting Civilian Populations in War -- Strategic Air War and Civilian Populations in Europe -- Strategic Air War and Civilian Populations in Japan -- The Threat of Nuclear Annihilation -- Ethnopolitical Conflict and Civilian Populations -- The Protection of Civilian Populations in War -- The Just-War Tradition, International Law, and the Principle of Noncombatant Immunity -- Who Is Innocent in War? -- May Innocents Ever Be Directly Killed? -- May Innocents Be Indirectly Killed? -- Collective Guilt / Gregory Mellema -- Collective Guilt and Moral Responsibility -- Collective Guilt and Moral Taint -- Collective Guilt in Existentialist Thought -- Collective Guilt and Contemporary Society -- Computer and Information Ethics / Simon Rogerson -- The Uniqueness of Computers -- Privacy and Monitoring -- Information Provision -- Software as Intellectual Property -- Organization Structure and the Location of Work -- Computer Misuse -- Developing Information Systems -- Computer Professionalism -- Confidentiality of Sources / Michel Petheram -- The Value of Confidentiality -- The Philosophical Arguments -- Sissela Bok -- Other Arguments -- The Legal Arguments -- Problems with Sources -- Courtroom Proceedings, Reporting of / Rupert Read, Max Travers -- The Relationship Between Courts and Press in America and Britain -- Restrictions on the Press in America -- Restrictions on the Press in Britain -- Reporting Courtroom Proceedings: an Ethical Perspective -- Reporting Rape Trials -- The Myra Hindley Case -- Ethical Argument and Journalistic Practice -- Discrimination, Concept of / David Wasserman -- Intentional Discrimination as an Individual Moral Offense -- Discriminatory Institutions and Stigmatized Groups: Racial Discrimination as a Paradigm -- Individual Responsibility and Discriminatory Institutions -- Discrimination and Difference -- Elderly People -- Women and People with Disabilities -- Distributive Justice, Theories of / Sirkku Hellsten -- The Paradoxical Nature of the Conception of Justice -- Politicoeconomic Aspects of Modern Theories of Distributive Justice -- Egalitarianism -- Utilitarian Conception of Distributive Justice -- Liberal Conception of Distributive Justice -- Categorizing Theories of Justice by the Standards of Distribution -- Hegemonic Theories of Distributive Justice -- Skeptical Theories of Distributive Justice -- Pluralistic Theories of Distributive Justice -- Election Strategies / Marianne M. Jennings -- Fund-Raising and Contributions -- The Problem of Quid Pro Quo -- Government Regulation -- Gray Area One: Personal Expenses and Campaign Funds -- Gray Area Two: Consulting Firms and Spouse Employment -- Gray Area Three: Soft Money -- Gray Area Four: Independent Expenditures -- Polling -- Opposition Research -- Advertisements -- The Nature of Political Ads -- Regulation of Political Ads -- Self-Regulation of Political Ads -- Platforms and Promises -- Electronic Surveillance / Gary T. Marx, Gregory Ungar -- The New Surveillance -- Ethics -- The Means -- The Data Collection Context -- Uses of Surveillance Data -- Ethics and Media Quality / Andrew Belsey, Ruth Chadwick -- Quality and the Media -- The Legal Route to Media Quality -- The Ethical Route to Media Quality -- The Ethical Route Via a Code of Practice? -- An Example: the Press Complaints Commission's Code of Practice -- Ethics and Media Quality -- Freedom of the Press in the USA / Stephen Klaidman -- Dealing with Conflicts Between Press Freedom and Other Values -- Responsibility of the Press -- The Reasonable Reader -- Completeness -- Understandability -- Accuracy -- Public Service -- Doing Harm -- Accountability -- Gun Control / Preston K. Covey -- The Varieties of Gun Control -- Defining Gun Control -- Categories of Gun Control -- Evaluating Gun Control Policy -- Perspectives on Gun Control -- Trying the Facts -- Effects Attributable to Firearms -- The Feasibility and Efficacy of Gun Control -- Weighing the Values -- The Value of Firearms to Individuals -- The Social Value of Firearms -- The Political Value of Firearms -- Paradigms of Restrictive and Permissive Policy -- Gun Bans -- Right-to-Carry Laws -- Indigenous Rights / Jorge M. Valadez -- Historical Background -- Early Treatment of Indigenous Rights -- Recent Developments Concerning Indigenous Rights -- The Nature of Indigenous Rights -- Some Philosophical Questions Concerning Indigenous Rights -- The Content and Function of Indigenous Rights -- The Philosophical Justification of Indigenous Rights -- Criteria for the Groups Entitled to Indigenous Rights -- Conclusion: Prospects for Indigenous Rights -- Internet Protocol / Duncan Langford -- Networks and the Internet -- What Is the Internet? -- How Newsgroups Work -- How the World Wide Web Works -- Problems in Electronic Communication -- Ethical Issues in Individual Communications -- Ethical Issues in Networked Communications -- Media Depiction of Ethnic Minorities / Charles Critcher -- The Contemporary Context -- The Ubiquity of Ethnic Minorities -- The Economic and Political Disadvantages of Ethnic Minorities -- Media Representations as Status Indicators -- Ethnic Minorities, the Media, and Citizenship -- Variations in Media Systems -- Key Questions -- Inclusion versus Exclusion -- Accuracy versus Distortion -- Sensitive Understanding versus Rigid Stereotyping -- Multiculturalism versus Assimilation -- Evidence About Media Representations -- News Coverage -- Media Entertainment: Television -- Media Entertainment: Films -- Other Media Content -- Key Answers -- Inclusion versus Exclusion -- Accuracy versus Distortion -- Sensitive Understanding versus Rigid Stereotyping -- Multiculturalism versus Assimilation -- Explaining Media Representations -- Media Ownership -- Media Staffing -- Professional Practices -- Audience Maximization -- Ideologies and Belief Systems -- Prospects for Reform -- Media Ownership -- Media Staffing -- Professional Practices -- Audience Maximization -- Ideologies and Belief Systems -- Social Change -- Conclusion: the Ethics of Ethnicity -- Media Ownership / Edward Johnson -- Bagdikian's Reckoning -- Media Ownership and Media Control -- Media Control and Media Content -- Media Content and Media Effects -- Agamemnon's Scepter -- National Security Issues / John D. Becker -- National Security Structures -- National Security Strategies -- National Security Approaches -- War -- Operations Other Than War -- Peacetime Concerns -- Applied Ethics Issues -- Objectivity in Reporting / Judith Lichtenberg -- The Compound Assault on Objectivity -- Metaphysical Questions -- Global Doubts and Local Doubts -- Transcultural Communication -- On the Social Construction of Reality -- The Existence and Meaning of Facts -- Beyond Objectivity? -- The Politics of Objectivity -- Political Obligation / Terry Hopton -- The Concept of Political Obligation -- The Meaning of Political Obligation -- Origin of the Concept -- Political Obligation and Ethics -- Classification of Theories -- Theories of Political Obligation -- Arguments for Political Obligation -- Theories of the Right: Voluntarist Theories -- Theories of the Right: Nonvoluntarist Theories -- Theories of the Good -- Anarchist Theories -- The Form of Anarchist Theories -- Philosophical Anarchism -- Classical Anarchism -- Political Obligation as a Pseudoproblem -- Pornography / Susan Easton -- Defining Pornography -- The Regulation of Pornography -- The Harm Principle: the Liberal Defense of Pornography -- The Harm Principle: Critiques of Pornography -- Imitative Harms -- Harms in the Production Process -- The Credibility of Victims of Sexual Offenses -- The Effects on Community Morality -- Environmental Harms -- Privacy versus the Public's Right to Know / Anita L. Allen -- Can the Right to Know and Privacy Coexist? -- Social Boundaries -- Contested Boundaries -- Defining the Right to Know -- Access to Government and Government Records -- Access to Government Officials and Candidates -- Access to Public Figures -- Access to News, Information, and Opinion -- Defining the Right to Privacy -- Theories about the Value of Privacy -- Privacy Rights in the Law -- The Politics of the Right to Know -- Political Parties.
505 8 $aPolitical Scandals -- Political Movements -- Privacy in Journalism Ethics -- Professional Ethics / Timo Airaksinen -- The Primacy of the Sociological Definition of Professionalism -- The Types of Professional Ethics -- Codes of Ethics -- Quandary Ethics -- The Standard Approach -- Professional Virtues and the Demise of Obligations -- Values and Service in Professional Life -- Characteristic Professional Values -- The Gap between Facts and Values in Professional Ethics -- Professional Practices and Their Virtues -- Professional Power and Responsibility -- Service and Success: Is There a Conflict? -- Engineering As a Pseudoprofession -- The Nature of Engineering Ethics -- The Need-Based Service Ideal -- From Paternalism to Clients' Rights -- Truth, Science, and Information As Professionalism Fields -- The Concept of Theoretical Profession -- The Obligations of Journalists -- Sexual Content in Films and Television / John Weckert -- Sexual Content: What Is It? -- The Moral Issues -- Films -- Television -- Offense -- Restricting Sexual Content -- Tabloid Journalism / Seumas Miller -- Description of Tabloid Journalism -- Content -- Characteristic Features -- Macro-institutional Context -- Normative Theoretical Account of the Media -- Media as Both Industry and Institution -- Functions of the Media as Institution -- Ethical Analysis -- Institutional Ethical Values -- Individual Moral Rights -- Arguments in Support of Tabloid Journalism -- Terrorism / Sue Ashford -- Origins of the Term -- The Ground of Difference -- Historical Background -- The Complex Nature of Terrorism -- Proper Social Orders: One Motive for Terrorism -- The Argument from Political Expediency: a Second Motive for Terrorism -- Historical Appreciations of Revolutions -- The Problem of Meliorism -- Meliorism, Styles of Government, and Justifications -- From What Style of Government Do We Discriminate Acts of Terrorism? -- The Idea of Legitimacy -- Which Governments Are Legitimate? -- The Claim for Legitimacy -- The Place for Legitimacy -- What Counts As an Act of Terrorism? -- The Appeal to Abstract Principles -- Arguments Against the Appeal to Abstract Principles -- Truth Telling as Constitutive of Journalism / John O'Neill -- The Practice of Journalism -- The Virtues of the Journalist -- Corruption, Virtues, and Institutions -- Violence in Films and Television / Marian I. Tulloch, John C. Tulloch -- Cultural Context -- Historical Overview -- Structural and Industry Contexts -- Changing Communication Technology -- Psychological Studies of TV Violence and Aggression -- Psychological Processes -- Types of Effects Research -- Alternative Paradigms: Perceptions of Violence -- Content Analysis of TV Violence -- Cultivation Effects -- Viewers' Perceptions of Violence -- Understanding Violence: Qualitative Studies -- Nonfictional Violence -- Reporting of Violent Crime -- War, Terrorism, and Public Disorder -- Public Attitudes to Violence on Television -- Extent of Public Concern -- Censorship and Public Policy -- Regulation and Censorship in the U.S. Context -- Children, Violence, and Public Policy -- Investigation and Regulation: Comparative Perspectives -- Warfare, Strategies and Tactics / John D. Becker -- Strategies -- Tactics -- Applied Ethical Issues.
650 0 $aJournalistic ethics$vEncyclopedias.
650 0 $aPolitical ethics$vEncyclopedias.
650 0 $aPress and politics$vEncyclopedias.
650 6 $aJournalistes$xDeontologie$vEncyclopedies.
650 6 $aMorale politique$vEncylopedies.
650 6 $aMedias$xAspect politique$vEncyclopedies.
700 1 $aChadwick, Ruth F.
949 $aPN 4756 .C645 2001$i31786101886916
994 $a92$bCNU
999 $aPN 4756 .C645 2001$wLC$c1$i31786101886916$d11/5/2009$e10/22/2009 $lCIRCSTACKS$mNULS$n4$rY$sY$tBOOK$u1/27/2005