Major changes in post cold war strategy led to changes in force structure, missions, and anticipated casualty rates and challenged the basic assumptions that are fundamental to the process of military medical readiness planning. The Military Health Services System (MHSS) sought to refine its wartime medical requirements in order to identify the medical forces required to support the new strategy. This thesis explores the process used to determine wartime medical manpower requirements within the MHSS, explores the evolution of medical requirements planning models from the Medical Planning Module (MPM) to the Medical Analysis Tool (MAT), and provides a comprehensive analysis of the models. Documents reviewed for this thesis include reports from DoD, GAO and Congress, congressional testimony, studies conducted by think tanks including the Rand Corporation and the Center for Naval Analysis, and pertinent DoD directives and manuals. Additional data were obtained through interviews with key officials involved in the development and implementation of the MAT, particularly the Director for Logistics J-4, Medical Readiness Division, and the primary contractor developing the MAT, Booz-Allen Hamilton. The conclusions of this research are that the MPM is inflexible, inaccurate, incompatible with current technology and planning factors, and not user-friendly. The MAT is more flexible, accurate, compatible with current technology and planning factors, and user friendly than the MPM and is the best alternative for replacing it.