An edition of Making molecularism II. Selected papers II. Abstracts
(2017)
Making molecularism II. Selected papers II. Abstracts
by Henk Kubbinga
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February 15, 2018 | History
This second volume of Making molecularism extends the line set out in volume one. It features the text of another 35 papers and provides some 150 abstracts of papers read in the period 1985-2013. The discovery of the details of Planck's calculation of the constant that came to be called after him is of fundamental importance: it is the first specimen of a 'calculatio crucis', that is, a calculation that straightforwardly demonstrates the correctness of the results integrated in the new narrative-historiography of the atomic and molecular theory as embodied in my successive books.
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Making molecularism II. Selected papers II. Abstracts
2017, Groningen University Press
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9081442872 9789081442879
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Table of Contents
Contents. v
Preface. xiii-liii; i.a. on the abuse of the work of Planck and Einstein
1. Bernard Nieuwentijt: politician and virtuoso
1.1. Introduction
1.2. From natural philosophy to natural science: 1650-1750
1.3. At the service of religion
1.4. The religious philosopher
1.5. Baruch de Spinoza
1.6. Nieuwentijt's message
2. Islamic-Arabic contributions to mathematics and astronomy
2.1. Introduction; the rise and fall of Baghdad
2.2. Muhammad and the Islam
2.3. Baghdad: emulation of the Ancients; translations
2.4. New centers: Córdoba, Cairo
2.5. Old and new mathematics: al-Khwārizmī and ibn-al-Haytham
2.6. Old and new astronomy: al-Battānī, al-Tusī
2.7. To print or not to print ..; Müteferrika, 1726
2.8. Conclusions
3. Molecularism and positivism
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Molecularism in Comte's Cours de philosophie positive
3.3. Conclusion
4. Molecularism and atomism: old and new in perspective
4.1. Introduction
4.2. From molecular theory to molecularism
4.3. Atomism, molecular theory, and molecularism
4.4. Terminological problems; conclusion
5. The end of molecularism as a 'Theory of Everything'
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Röntgen rays and crystal structure
5.3. Conclusion: molecularism chess-mate as 'Theory of Everything'
6. Molecularism: from the market to the agora. And back ?
6.1. Introduction
6.2. From the market to the agora
6.3. From the agora to the market ?!
6.4. Conclusions
7. Natural philosophy according to Andrew Van Melsen (1912-1994)
7.1. Introduction
7.2. 'Natural philosophy' and 'Philosophy of the exact sciences'
7.3. The species-individual structure as ontology
7.4. Conclusion
8. Chemistry and linguistics with Robert Boyle
8.1. Introduction
8.2. The corpuscular philosophy
8.3. Boyle's concept of 'element'
8.4. The relative complexity of bodies; linguistic help
8.5. Scaliger: De causis linguae latinae (1540)
9. The 'philosophy' of chemistry
10. Book review: W. Strube, Der historische Weg der Chemie. [..] (1976)
11. Book review: J. Hudson, The history of chemistry (1992)
12. Book review: C. Schorlemmer, Die Ursprung und Entwicklung der organischen Chemie (1889/1979)
13. Book review: J. P. Poirier, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794) (1993) and B. Bensaude-Vincent, Lavoisier. Mémoires d'une révolution (1993)
14. The fourth centenary of the birth of Isaac Beeckman, the first molecular theorist
15. The first 'molecular' theory (1620): Isaac Beeckman (1588-1637)
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Beeckman's 'homogenea physica' as substantial individuals
15.3. Beeckman in historical perspective: the rise of molecularism
16. 'Organic chemistry' around 1600: molecules - avant la lettre - as 'substantial individuals' with Beeckman (1620) and Basson (1621)
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Complexity and chemical skills
16.3. Organic chemistry as carbon chemistry
16.4. Beeckman and Basson's 'organic' inspiration
16.5. Conclusions
17. Atoms and molecules in a historical perspective
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Classical Antiquity: the first atomic theories
17.3. The first 'molecular' theory: Isaac Beeckman, 1620
17.4. From Stahl to Lavoisier
17.5. From Dalton to Van 't Hoff; benzene
17.6. Maxwell and Boltzmann
18. Lavoisier: grandeur and misery
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Stahl's 'phlogiston'-theory
18.3. Lavoisier: investigating the composition of the air
18.4. Oxygen as acid principle
18.5. Analysis confirmed by synthesis
18.6. The new chemistry
19. Marie Curie-Skłodowska: brilliant analytical chemistry
19.1. Introduction
19.2. A new radiation
19.3. Polonium: what's in a name ?
19.4. Radioactivity as such
19.5. Another new element
19.6. The Nobel Prize
20. The valence of atoms
20.1. Introduction
20.2. Berzelius' radicals
20.3. 'Rational' formulae
20.4. Double decompostions
20.5. Ether; 'common aether'
20.6. Marsh gas
21. The concept of 'structure' in the history of chemistry
21.1. Introduction
21.2. The concept of 'structure' anno 1990; its roots; Butlerov 1861
21.3. The molecular theory 1620-1861
21.4. Butlerov and his 'structure'-theory (1861); Van 't Hoff, Le Bel
21.5. Doubts and paradoxes: tautomerism, desmotropy
21.6. The electron theory
21.7. Tautomerism and the structure of benzene
21.8. Resonanc versus mesomerism; VB versus MO 192
21.9. Marxist-Leninists versus bourgeois; Dewar, MO
21.10. Conclusion
22. Conformational analysis in a historical perspective; a Dutch contribution
22.1. Introduction
22.2. Cycloalkanes and their structure; Sachse, Mohr
22.3. The Delft School of Böeseken
22.4. Later developments
23. Chemical calculations: the emerging role of the mole (Ostwald, Holleman)
23.1. Calculations up to 1792; Lavoisier
23.2. Richter's Stoichyometrie (1792)
23.3. Proust, Dalton, Gay-Lussac, and Avogadro
23.4. Her mann Kopp: physical stoechiometry; additivity
23.5. The rise of thermochemistry; from Lavoisier to Thomsen
23.6. The introduction of the 'mole'; Ostwald and Holleman
23.7. The Système international; canonizing the 'mole' (1971)
24. Chemical nomenclature: from Lavoisier et al. to Verkade
24.1. Introduction
24.2. Stahl, Lavoisier; Guyton de Morveau
24.3. The concept of 'individual' in chemistry
24.4. Pieter Eduard Verkade
25. Isaac Beeckman: substantial and biological individuals
25.1. Introduction
25.2. Substantial and biological individuals
25.3. Beeckman on living beings
25.4. Beeckman on substances
26. Medical aspects of the 'molecular' theory of Isaac Beeckman (1588-1637)
26.1. Introduction
26.2. Isaac Beeckman
26.3. Galen and Lucretius; atoms and molecules
26.4. Tissues and drugs as aggregates of 'homogenea'
27. New light on the origin of the cellular theory: Buffon as a precursor of Dutrochet
27.1. Introduction
27.2. Partial regeneration
27.3. Buffon's 'organic molecules'
27.4. Tissues, cells, and molecules; Dutrochet
27.5. Molecules, cells, and fibers
28. The development of cellular theory 1824-1933; physiology
28.1. Introduction; flora and fauna; taxonomy
28.2. Tissular growth
28.3. Reproduction and growth
28.4. The mechanism of heredity
29. The development of cellular theory 1824-1933; pathology
29.1. Introduction; the composition of blood
29.2. Cellular pathology
29.3. Pasteur and Koch; microbes and bacteria
29.4. Filterable and non-filterable contagia
30. Molecular biology: a historical perspective
30.1. Introduction; the cell as such
30.2. Cellular division; 'morphologival continuity'
30.3. Darwin and De Vries; gemmulae and and pagenes
30.4. Sachs and Naegeli: molecular botany
30.5. Mendel, De Vries, Morgan; chromosomes and genes
30.6. Disease germs: filterable or not. Microbes, viruses, and phages
30.7. Watson and Crick; the double helix
30.8. Conclusions
31. Newton's theory of matter
31.1. Introduction
31.2. The 'nutshell'-theory; Thackray, Dobbs, and Figala
31.2. Newton versus Stahl
31.3. Newton, Stahl, Dalton and modern molecular theory
31.4. Conclusions
32. Josef Loschmidt and the reality of molecules
32.1. Introduction
32.2. Josef Loschmidt on the diameter of air molecules
32.3. Conclusions
33. Thermodynamics, molecularism, and positivism
33.1. Introduction
33.2. Molecularism in the early XIXth century
33.3. Emerging thermodynamics
33.4. Auguste Comte: positivism and molecularism
33.5. Statistics, molecularism, and thermodynamics
34. Particle physics in a historical perspective
35. Planck's constant: a short-cut
The calculatio crucis of Planck, 351; Convolutions about Planck's constant, 357; Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Natuurkunde, 357; Contra Herman De Lang: 'Planck, Einstein and their quanta', 359; Correspondence, 360; Annalen der Physik (2016), 368; Correspondence, 370; Withdrawal of 'Planck's constant: a short-cut', 386; A threatening answer from the Editor-in-Chief, 386; Note added in print, 386
36. Abstracts
1985 (388); 1990 (400); 1995 (463); 2000 (484); 2005 (519) 2010 (534)
Index of names
Edition Notes
The Physical Object
ID Numbers
Work Description
Sixteen years ago Henk Kubbinga’s book L’Histoire du concept de « molécule » was published by Springer-Verlag France (Paris). There followed Dutch and US-English editions in which the emphasis shifted from Antiquity-Middle Ages-Renaissance to more recent times; a German edition is well underway. The message was—and still is—clear: we are witnessing last decades the breakthrough of a new, thoroughly molecular ‘picture of the world’. Molecularism calls the tune. The series Making molecularism will highlight a collection of papers difficultly accessible that paved the way for its coming of age, with due attention for all mathematics at issue.
This second volume privileges philosophy, chemistry, and the life sciences. Robert Boyle serves as a bridge between ‘philosophy’ and ‘chemistry’. Key-concepts like valence, mole, nomenclature, and structure are followed in their historical development. ‘Chemical calculations’, then, are addressed here for the first time as a topic in their own right. Surprisingly, the biomedical notion of the cell derives straightforwardly from the molecular tradition (Buffon, Dutrochet, Schleiden, Schwann). Physiology and pathology lived, each, a cellular turn (Virchow; Pasteur, Koch, Beijerinck), while intracellular details came to be interpreted in truly molecular terms, that is, in the physico-chemical way. ‘Molecular biology’ (1933-) brought new vistas. This volume also highlights the details of the calculations which led Max Planck to his constant. The new perspective calls for a reconsideration of modern physics’ fundamental tenets.
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| February 15, 2018 | Edited by JeffKaplan | Update covers |
| February 15, 2018 | Edited by JeffKaplan | Added new cover |
| February 12, 2018 | Edited by Henk Kubbinga | Edited without comment. |
| February 12, 2018 | Edited by Henk Kubbinga | Edited without comment. |
| February 12, 2018 | Created by Henk Kubbinga | Added new book. |