Advancements in the nanotechnology industry promise to offer improvements in capabilities across a spectrum of applications. This is of immense strategic importance to the high performance sector which has historically leveraged technological advances. The use of polymer nanocomposites in structures have several predictable impacts on structural design and applications, primarily by providing a safer, faster, and eventually cheaper transportation in the future. This books comprises reviews on the state-of-the-art, new research results, perspectives of future developments, and innovative applications relevant to  structural materials, engineering structures, nanocomposites, modelling  and simulations, and their related application areas.