An edition of Unteilbar und untrennbar? (2010)

Unteilbar und untrennbar?

Die Verhandlungen zwischen Cisleithanien und Ungarn zum gescheiterten Wirtschaftsausgleich 1897

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Unteilbar und untrennbar?
Anatol Schmied-Kowarzik
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Last edited by MARC Bot
January 4, 2023 | History
An edition of Unteilbar und untrennbar? (2010)

Unteilbar und untrennbar?

Die Verhandlungen zwischen Cisleithanien und Ungarn zum gescheiterten Wirtschaftsausgleich 1897

  • 0 Ratings
  • 0 Want to read
  • 0 Currently reading
  • 0 Have read

Focussing on the necessary renewal of the economic compromise of Cisleithania and Hungary in 1897, the beginning of the great "Crisis of the Dualism of the Habsburg Monarchy" will be examined. This work is based on the archives in Vienna and Budapest of the ministers of finances and the archives of the primeministers (ÖStA.., HHStA., MOL.) as well as the protocolls of both parliaments.
In October 1895 the new prime minister of Cisleithania, Badeni, started the negotiations with Hungary for the renewal of the economic compromise. This new compromise should have been finished in 1896, one year earlier than necessary to be a signal of strength and unity inside and outside the monarchy. In August 1896 this plan of an early compromise had to be dropped due to early elections of the Hungarian parliament. In May 1897 the renewal of the compromise again had to be postponed for one year. Cisleithania and Hungary couldn't find an agreement about the partition of the common expense between them (quota). Only the old compromise of 1887 could be prolonged for 1898. This so called Ausgleichsprovisorium (provisional compromise) was approved by the Hungarian parliament very quickly. In Cisleithania however it was facing the obstruction of the German parties of the elected chamber of parliament. The Germans wanted to force the Government to revoke the so called Badenian languages decrees for Bohemia and Moravia. These set the Czech language beside German even in the inner administration of these "crown lands" (provinces). The German fight against the government was concentrated on the Ausgleichsprovisorium due to the fact, that this was the only law, the government couldn't issue by an emergency decree; the Hungarian law of the constitutional compromise of 1867 didn't accept emergency decrees instead of laws on common issues. With this obstruction the German parties risked continuation of custom's union with Hungary and placed its future completely in Hungarian hands; they set their national above their economic interests. In November 1897 Badeni had to be dismissed. The German obstruction had successfully prevented the provisional compromise; the legal base of 1867 of the economic union was cast aside. Only by independent Cisleithanian and Hungarian laws could the unity be saved. Instead of a sign of strength and health, Austria-Hungary demonstrated its weakness and its inner strife.

Ausgehend von den Diskussionen um die 1897 fällige Erneuerung des Wirtschaftsausgleiches zwischen Cisleithanien und Ungarn wird der Beginn der für die Monarchie existenzbedrohenden "Krise des Dualismus" untersucht. Die Arbeit beruht auf Quellen der Finanzarchive und der Ministerratspräsidien in Wien und Budapest (ÖStA., HHStA., MOL.) und selbstverständlich auf den Verhandlungsprotokollen beider Parlamente.
Im Oktober 1895 begann die neue cisleithanische Regierung Badeni die Verhandlungen über den Ende 1897 neu abzuschließenden Wirtschaftsausgleich mit Ungarn. Um ein Signal der Einheit und Stärke nach innen und außen zu setzen, sollte dieser Ausgleich ein Jahr früher als notwendig finalisiert werden. Im August 1896 musste dieser Plan eines frühen Ausgleiches wegen der vorgezogenen Neuwahlen in Ungarn fallen gelassen werden. Im Mai 1897 musste die Erneuerung des Ausgleiches erneut um ein Jahr verschoben werden, da sich beide Seiten nicht auf die Aufteilung der gemeinsamen Ausgaben (Quote) einigen konnten. Statt dessen sollte der alte Ausgleich von 1887 provisorisch für das Jahr 1898 verlängert werden. Dieses so genannte Ausgleichsprovisorium wurde vom ungarischen Reichstag schnell angenommen. In Cisleithanien jedoch stieß es auf die Obstruktion der deutschen Parteien des Abgeordnetenhauses des Reichsrates. Die Deutschen wollten damit die Zurücknahme der so genannten Badenischen Sprachenverordnungen für Böhmen und Mähren erzwingen, die Tschechisch auch als innere Verwaltungssprache dieser Kronländer dem Deutschen gleichsetzten. Der deutsche Widerstand konzentrierte sich auf das Ausgleichsprovisorium, weil es das einzige Gesetz war, das die Regierung nicht mit einer Notverordnung erlassen konnte. Das ungarische staatsrechtliche Ausgleichsgesetz von 1867 schloß nämlich für die gemeinsamen Angelegenheiten auch in Cisleithanien die Umgehung des Parlamentes aus. Die deutschen Parteien setzten damit die Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft mit Ungarn aufs Spiel und legten deren Zukunft ganz in ungarische Hände; sie stetzen ihre nationalen über ihre wirtschaftlichen Interessen. Im November 1897 mußte Badeni entlassen werden, das Ausgleichsprovisorium war gescheitert. Der Rechtsboden des Ausgleichs von 1867 war, wenn auch zunächst nur provisorisch, verlassen worden. Die Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft konnte nicht mehr bilateral, sondern nur mehr auf voneinander unabhängigen gesetzlichen Bestimmungen geregelt werden. Statt eines Zeichens der Zusammengehörigkeit und Stärke wurde die Schwäche und innere Zerrissenheit Österreich-Ungarns offenbar.

Publish Date
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Studien Verlag
Pages
402

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Cover of: Unteilbar und untrennbar?
Cover of: Unteilbar und untrennbar?
Unteilbar und untrennbar?
Publish date unknown, Studien Verlag
in German

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Open Access Unrestricted online access

Austrian Science Fund

All rights reserved

German

Published in
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1 electronic resource (402 Seiten p.)
Number of pages
402

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OL31374922M
ISBN 10
437169

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Work Description

Focussing on the necessary renewal of the economic compromise of Cisleithania and Hungary in 1897, the beginning of the great "Crisis of the Dualism of the Habsburg Monarchy" will be examined. This work is based on the archives in Vienna and Budapest of the ministers of finances and the archives of the primeministers (ÖStA.., HHStA., MOL.) as well as the protocolls of both parliaments.
In October 1895 the new prime minister of Cisleithania, Badeni, started the negotiations with Hungary for the renewal of the economic compromise. This new compromise should have been finished in 1896, one year earlier than necessary to be a signal of strength and unity inside and outside the monarchy. In August 1896 this plan of an early compromise had to be dropped due to early elections of the Hungarian parliament. In May 1897 the renewal of the compromise again had to be postponed for one year. Cisleithania and Hungary couldn't find an agreement about the partition of the common expense between them (quota). Only the old compromise of 1887 could be prolonged for 1898. This so called Ausgleichsprovisorium (provisional compromise) was approved by the Hungarian parliament very quickly. In Cisleithania however it was facing the obstruction of the German parties of the elected chamber of parliament. The Germans wanted to force the Government to revoke the so called Badenian languages decrees for Bohemia and Moravia. These set the Czech language beside German even in the inner administration of these "crown lands" (provinces). The German fight against the government was concentrated on the Ausgleichsprovisorium due to the fact, that this was the only law, the government couldn't issue by an emergency decree; the Hungarian law of the constitutional compromise of 1867 didn't accept emergency decrees instead of laws on common issues. With this obstruction the German parties risked continuation of custom's union with Hungary and placed its future completely in Hungarian hands; they set their national above their economic interests. In November 1897 Badeni had to be dismissed. The German obstruction had successfully prevented the provisional compromise; the legal base of 1867 of the economic union was cast aside. Only by independent Cisleithanian and Hungarian laws could the unity be saved. Instead of a sign of strength and health, Austria-Hungary demonstrated its weakness and its inner strife.

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