The U.S. Air Force will soon begin a formal Analysis of Alternatives for the next-generation intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). RAND was asked to examine and assess possible ICBM alternatives against the current Minuteman III system and to provide insights into the potential impact of further force reductions. The researchers developed a framework consisting of five categories{u2014}basing, propulsion, boost, reentry, and payload{u2014}to characterize alternative classes of ICBM and to assess the survivability and effectiveness of possible alternatives. Using existing cost analyses and cost data from historical ICBM programs, they derived likely cost bounds on alternative classes of ICBM systems. Finally, they developed force reduction scenarios, examined their impacts on several key nuclear specialty career fields to understand the implications of reductions on the current organizational structure, and compared sustainment and requirement profiles within the various reduction scenarios.