CONTENTS Introduction 1 Acknowledgements 4 Informants and interpreters 5 Names 6 Abbreviations and symbols 7 Phonetic system 8 PART 1. FUNDAMENTALS OF MOHAVE PSYCHIATRY 9 Etiological theories 9 Nosology 17 Diagnosis and treatment 24 The position of the insane in Mohave society 35 PART 2. DISORDERS OF THE INSTINCTS 39 Aggression and guilt 39 Pathological outbursts of homicidal rage 40 Pi-ipa: tceva; rȧm (people scarcity), due to premature death 40 Pathological sequelae of socially approved aggression 42 Against game: hunter's neurosis 42 Against the outgroup: ahwe: ma:n, scalper's psychosis 43 Against antisocial members of the ingroup: witch killer's psychosis 45 Pathological sequelae of hyperactivity 46 An illness of ordinarily active persons 49 The god Mastamho's psychosis 50 The psychopathology of singers 54 The corruption of shamanistic powers 56 Pathological sequelae of inhibited aggressivity of power 56 Hi:wa itck (heartbreak) 57 Psychosis resulting from the inhibition of magical powers 57 Disorders of the sexual impulse 71 Atcoo:r hanyienk 72 Confirmatory case material 75 Sudhu:rk 76 Ya tcahaetk 77 Kamalo:y tȧminyk 81 Insanity resulting from magical courtship 83 Insanity caused by incest 87 Sexual insanity resulting from witchcraft 87 Appendix: the perversions 89 PART 3. MOOD DISTURBANCES 90 The "heart" neuroses 90 Hi:wa itck (hi:wa itce itc him) 91 Case material 96 Informal therapy of hi:wa itck 97 Interpretation 101 Hi:wa mava: rkh 106 Hi:wa hisa:hk (heart rot) 114 Hi:wa hira:uk 115 PART 4. DISORDERS CAUSED BY EXTERNAL BEINGS 116 Exogenous disorder 116 Insanity due to dreaming of an insane deity 116 Hikwi:r hahnok 117 The ahwe: psychosis 128 Ahwe: hahnok 135 Ahwe: nyevedhi: 138 Incidence 141 Therapy 141 General comment 142 Case material 142 Ahwe: hahnok cases 142 Ahwe: nyevedhi: cases 144 The hiwey lak group 150 The data 154 Miscellaneous supplementary data 168 Case material 170 Dreams 170 Actual hiwey lak cases 171 Erroneous self-diagnosis of hiwey lak 175 Nyevedhi: taha:na (ghost genuine) 175 Moua: v hahnok 184 Psychopathology related to funeral observances 186 Derangements of taboo violating funeral ritualists 191 Neurosis of taboo-violating mourners 192 Hiyam ahwat 193 Insanity caused by witchcraft 195 Psychosis of the owners of magical substances and narcotics 202 Magic substances 202 Narcotics 208 Interpretation 209 Alcohol 212 PART 5. OCCIDENTAL DISEASE CATEGORIES 213 Neurosis, psychosis, and neurological defects 213 Anxiety and anxiety states 213 Intelligible anxiety 214 Neurotic anxiety 216 The hysterias 216 Phobic states 218 The problem of obsessive-compulsive states 219 Hypochondriasis 221 The group of schizophrenias 222 Manic-depressive psychosis 243 Artificially induced states of dissociation: alcoholism, drug Addiction, and trace 244 Psychopathy 245 Tics 247 Chorea 248 Speech and hearing disorders 248 Feeblemindedness 251 Senility 254 Syphilis of the nervous system 255 PART 6. PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS OF CHILDHOOD 257 Child psychiatry 257 General introduction 257 "Organic" conditions 257 Deviant children 260 "Functional" disturbances 260 Case material 267 Borderline psychosis of young shamans 282 PART 7. SUICIDE 286 General introduction 286 The theoretical framework 290 Methodological aspects of Mohave suicide 290 Methodological considerations 290 Ethnopsychiatric aspects of Mohave suicide 298 Sociocultural considerations 308 Aboriginal conditions 308 Suicide and cultural change 314 Suicide and killing 327 Psychosomatic suicide 329 General considerations 329 Prenatal suicide, or suicide during parturition 331 Suicide at weaning (tȧvȧknyi:k) 340 Suicide at twins 348 Social suicide 356 Symbolic social suicide 357 Summary 371 Vicarious suicide 371 Psychosocial dynamics of vicarious suicide 371 Interplay of cultural and subjective factors in vicarious suicide 378 The willing victims of witches 383 Vicarious suicide of witches 387 Case material 401 Vicarious suicide of braves 426 Funeral suicide 431 Conclusions 454 Case material 454 Active suicide 459 Case material 465 Clustered cases 465 Single cases 478 PART 8. CONCLUSIONS 485 Genesis and validity of Mohave psychiatry 485 The genesis of Mohave psychiatry 485 The validity of Mohave psychiatry 488 Appendix. The Function of Alcohol 505 Addendum 549 Bibliography 553 Index 569