An edition of Christ in type and prophecy
(1893)
Christ in type and prophecy
Volume 2
by Anthony John Maas
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Table of Contents
CONTENTS.
Part V.
OFFICES OF THE MESSIAS.
CHAPTER I.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 18
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 13
Text and Commentary 16
Corollary 18
CHAPTER II.
THE MESSIAS AS PROPHET. Deut. XViii. 9-22.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 19
2. False explanations 19
3. Messianic character of the prophecy 23
4. In what sense is the prophecy Messianic ?. 24
Text and Commentary 28
Corollaries: 1. Messianic characteristics predicted by Moses 29
2. Did Moses himself understand his prophecy ? 29
CHAPTER III.
THE MESSIAS AS KING.
Section I. The Canticle of Anna. I. Kings ii. 1-10.
Introduction: 1. Authorship of the song: Driver's, Hensler's, Cahen's, and Volney's opinions refuted 80
2. Messianic character of the song 88
Text and Commentary 84
Corollary: Anna's immediate inspiration 86
Section 27. The Psalmists King. Ps. xliv. [xlv.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 86
2. Author of the Psalm 87
3. Title of the Psalm 37
4. Subject of the Psalm 89
Text and Commentary 43
Corollaries: 1. Excellencies of the Messianic King 47
2. Divinity of the Messianic King 47
3. Plurality of Persons in God 47
CHAPTER IV.
THE MESSIAS AS PRIEST.
Section I. A Priest forever. Ps. cix. [ex.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 48
2. Author of the Psalm 48
3. Non-Messianic explanations of the Psalm 49
4. Messianic character of the Psalm 52
Text and Commentary 55
Corollaries: 1. The Messias is both King and Priest 60
2. His Priesthood resembles that of Melchisedech 60
3. His Royalty is Divine 60
Section 27. A Priest according to the Manner of Melchisedech.
Gen. xiv. 14-20.
Introduction: 1. The passage and its context 60
2. Historical character of the narrative 61
3. The Messianic character of the passage 61
Text and Commentary 62
Corollary: The sacrifice of Melchisedech is a type of the unbloody sacrifice of the New Testament 66
CHAPTER V.
THE MESSIAS AS GOEL. Is. lxiiL 1-6.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 68
2. False explanations of the prophecy 68
8. Messianic character of the prophecy 70
Text and Commentary 71
Corollary; The Messias is most closely related to us 78
CHAPTER VII
THE MESSIAS AS MEDIATOR OF THE NEW TESTAMENT.
Section I. I have given Thee for a Covenant of the People.
Is. xlii. 1-xliii. 13.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 74
2. Reasons against its Messianic interpretation 75
3. Messianic character of the prediction 75
4. Answer to exceptions 78
Text and Commentary 80
Corollaries: 1. If the Servant is the Covenant, he is also the Mediator of the people 85
2. Implicit description of the Mediatorship 85
Section II. The Light of the Gentiles. Is. xlix.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 86
2. False interpretations 86
3. Messianic character of the prophecy 89
Text and Commentary 91
Corollaries: 1. The Servant's sufferings indicated 94
2. Catholicity of the Servant's work 94
3. The Servant's wounded hands 94
4. The Land of Sinim 94
Part VI.
THE PUBLIC LIFE OF THE MESSIAS.
CHAPTER I.
THE MESSIAS FILLED WITH THE HOLY GHOST. Is. Xi. 1-16.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 97
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 96
Text and Commentary 101
Corollary; Inference from parallelism of Is. xi. with Is. liii, .... 107
CHAPTER II.
OUTLINE OF THE MESSIANIC WORK. Is. Iv.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 108
2. Messianic character of the prophecy. 108
Text and Commentary. . 110
Corollary: Call of the Gentiles and elevation of the brute creation in the Messianic Dispensation 112
CHAPTER III.
THE GOOD SHEPHERD. Ps. Xxii. [xxiii.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 113
2. Author of the Psalm 113
3. Subject of the Psalm 113
4. Title of the Psalm 115
Text and Commentary 115
Corollary: The Psalm is fulfilled in Christ's active and tender charity for all 118
CHAPTER IV.
THE MESSIANIC MIRACLES. Is. XXXV.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 119
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 119
Text and Commentary. . . 121
Corollary: Christ's miracles, are symbols of spiritual blessings.. . 122
CHAPTER V.
THE MESSIAS ENTERS BIOK.
Section I. Rejoice Greatly, 0 Daughter of Sum. Zach. iz.
Introduction: 1. Connection of the prophecy with its context... 128
2. Date of the prophecy 128
3. Messianic character of the prophecy 125
Text and Commentary. 127
Corollaries: 1. Application to the Holy Eucharist 180
2. Its fulfilment has been the decisive commentary of the prophecy 180
Section 27. The Praise out of the Mouth of Infants. Ps. viii.
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 180
2. Author of the Psalm 180
3. Subject of the Psalm 181
4. Occasion of the Psalm 182
5. Title of the Psalm 182
Text and Commentary 184
Corollary: The part of the Psalm quoted by Jesus must have been really fulfilled in his solemn entrance into Sion 189
CHAPTER VI.
THE MESSIAS REJECTED.
Section I. The League with Death. Is. xxviii.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 140
2. Messianic character of the prophecy , 141
Text and Commentary 142
Corollary: The prophecy is a type of Christ's rejection 146
Section II. The Stone which the BuUdere rejected. Ps. cxvii [cxviii.].
Introduction. 1. Structure of the Psalm 146
2. Messianic character of the Psalm 146
Text and Commentary 148
Corollary: Application of the literal, allegorical, and tropologies! sense of the Psalm 152
THE BUFFERING MESSIAS.
CHAPTER I.
THE MESSIANIC VICTIM.
Section I. Sacrifice and Oblation Thou wouldtt not. Ps. xxxix. [xl.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 158
2. Author of the Psalm 154
3. Subject of the Psalm 164
4. Title of the Psalm 156
Text and Commentary 157
Corollary: The Psalm is Messianic not merely by way of accommodation, or in a merely ideal sense, but really and properly 168
Section II. Let us put Wood on his Bread. Jer. xi.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 168
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 164
Text and Commentary 165
Corollary: The prophecy applies to the Messias in its typical sense, but has to a certain extent been fulfilled literally in Christ 169
Section 227. The Messianic Sacrifice. Mai. i.
Introduction: 1. General outline of the chapter 170
2. False explanations of the prophecy 170
3. Messianic character of the prophecy 172
Text and Commentary 173
Corollaries: 1. The prophecy is fulfilled in the sacrifice of the Holy Mass 178
2. The Council of Trent applies the prophecy 179
CHAPTER II.
THE BETRAYAL.
Section I. The man of my peace hath supplanted me. Ps. xl. [xli.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm . 180
2. Author of the Psalm 180
3. Subject of the Psalm 180
4. Title of the Psalm 182
Text and Commentary 182
Corollary: Verse 10 is certainly Messianic in its typical sense; the rest may be Messianic. 185
Section II. Thirty Pieces of Silver. Zach. xi
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 185
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 186
Text and Commentary 187
Corollary: The national ruin of the Jews is a consequence of the rejection of the Good Shepherd 198
CHAPTER IIII.
THE AGONY. Ps. liv. [lv.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 194
2. Authorship of the Psalm 195
3. Messianic character of the Psalm 197
Text and Commentary 197
Corollary: The Psalm is Messianic in its typical sense 201
CHAPTER IV.
THE CAPTURE.
Section I. Pursue and take him. Ps. lxx. [lxzi].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 202
2. Author of the Psalm 203
3. Messianic character of the Psalm 204
Text and Commentary 204
Corollary: The typical sense of the Psalm has been verified in Christ to the letter 206
Section II. They will hunt after the Soul of the Just.
Ps. xciii. [xciv.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 207
2. Authorship of the Psalm 207
3. Messianic character of the Psalm 209
Text and Commentary 209
Corollary: The false claims of a late authorship 212
CHAPTER V.
FALSE WITNE8SE8. Ps. XXVi. [XXVU.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 213
2. Author of the Psalm 213
3. Messianic character of the Psalm 215
Text and Commentary 216
Corollary: Application of the Psalm to the Passion of Christ. . . . 218
CHAPTER VI.
THE SCOURGING.
Section I. Scourges were gathered together upon me.
Ps. xxxiv. [xxxv.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 219
2. Author of the Psalm 219
3. Subject of the Psalm 220
4. Title of the Psalm 221
Text and Commentary 222
Corollary: The typical sense of the Psalm refers to Christ 280
Section II. The Man of Sorrows. Is. lii. 18-liii. 12.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 281
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 231
Text and Commentary 287
Corollaries: 1. The prophet describes the suffering of the Servant, its vicarious nature, and its effects 245
2. The priestly character of the sufferer follows from the nature of the sufferings, t , 245
CHAPTER VII.
the betrayer's lot. Ps. cviii [cix.].
introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 246
2. Author of the Psalm 246
3. Messianic character of the Psalm 247
Text and Commentary 248
Corollaries : 1. Application of the Psalm to Judas 251
2. Symbolical application to all the enemies of Christ 251
THE CRUCIFIXION.
Section I. What are these Wounds in the Midst of thy Hands t
Zach.xiii.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 252
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 252
Text and Commentary ... 255
Corollary: Summary of prophetic promises 258
Section II. Let us condemn Him to a most shameful Death.
Wis. ii.
Introduction: 1. Analysis of the chapter 258
2. Messianic character of the chapter 259
Text and Commentary 261
Corollary: Why is the prophecy applied to the crucifixion 264
Section III. They have dug my hands and feet. Ps. xxi. [xxii.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 264
2. Author of the Psalm 265
3. Subject of the Psalm 266
4. Title of the Psalm 271
Text and Commentary 272
Corollary: The Psalm develops the mystery of the Cross 287
CHAPTER IX.
THE darkness. Amos viii.
Introduction: 1. The prophet and his time 288
2. The prophecy and its context 288
3. Messianic character of the prophecy 289
Text and Commentary 291
Corollary: Connection of the darkness with the final destruction of the Jewish theocracy 292
CHAPTER X.
GALL AND VINEGAR. Ps. lxviii. [lxix.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 294
2. Author of the Psalm 294
3. Messianic character of the Psalm 295
Text and Commentary 297
Corollaries: 1. Nature of the Psalm's imprecations 800
2. Typical but accurate fulfilment of the Psalm 800
CHAPTER XI.
NEITHER SHALL YOU BREAK A BONE THEREOF.
Ex. xii. 1-20, 43-49.
Introduction: 1. Critical analysis of the passages 801
2. Messianic character of the passages 801
Texts and Commentary 804
Corollary: Contains reference to Prof. Bickell's treatise on the "Lord's Supper and the Passover Ritual" , , . . 811
CHAPTER XII.
THEY SHALL LOOK UPON ME WHOM THEY HAVE PIERCED!
Zach. xii.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 812
2. Messianic character of the prophecy , 312
Text and Commentary 316 Corollaries : The lamentations cannot refer 1) to the death of Judas Machabeus, 2) or to the destruction of Jerusalem,
3) or to the condemnation in the last judgment, 4) but must refer to the loving sorrow of the Church over her crucified love, 5) and his pierced heart 821
CHAPTER XIII.
TYPES OF THE SUFFERING MESSIAS.
Section I. The Sacrifice of Isaac. Gen. xxii. 1-14.
Introduction: 1. Time and occasion of the occurrence. 822
2. Messianic character of the event 828
Text and Commentary 824
Corollary : Application of the type to Christ 827
Section II. The Scapegoat. Lev. xvi. 1-28.
Introduction: 1. The Day of Atonement 828
2. Messianic character of the passage 329
Text and Commentary 829
Corollary: Application of the type to its antitype 885
Section III. The Ashes of Purification. Num. xix. 1-10.
Introduction: 1. Defilement by contact with death 885
2. Purification from this defilement 886
3. Messianic character of the ordinance 886
Text and Commentary. 888
Corollary: Application of the type 840
Section IV. The Bremen Serpent. Num. zzi. 4-9.
Introduction: 1. The passage and its context 340
2. Messianic character of the Brazen Serpent 841
Text and Commentary 843
Corollary: Meaning of the type 848
CHAPTER XIV.
the burial. Lam. iii.
Introduction: 1. Analysis of the chapter 844
2. Messianic character of the passage 845
Text and Commentary 345
Corollary; Particular applications to Christ's burial 850
THE GLORY OF THE MESSIAS.
CHAPTER I.
THE RESURRECTION.
Section I. I have risen because the Lord hath protected me.
Ps. iii.
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm 851
2. Author of the Psalm 851
3. Subject of the Psalm 852
Text and Commentary 354
Corollary: The typical meaning of the Psalm applies to Christ. . 358
Section II. My Flesh shall rest in Hope. Ps. xv. [xvi.].
Introduction: 1. Structure of the Psalm . . 858
2. Author of the Psalm 359
3. Subject of the Psalm 359
4. Title of the Psalm 363
Text and Commentary 364
Corollary: Messianic summary of the prophecy 874
Section III. On the third Day he will raise us up.
Os. v. 15-vi. 3.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 375
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 875
Text and Commentary 879
Corollary: Special application to the life of the Church 880
Section IV. O Death, I will be thy Death. Os. xiii. 6-15a.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context. 880
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 880
Text and Commentary 882
Corollary: The meaning of the prophecy for the prophet's contemporaries 884
Section V. I know that my Redeemer Uveth. Job xix. 23-27.
Introduction: 1. The passage and its context 886
2. Messianic character of the passage 886
Text and Commentary 892
Corollaries: Job expected not merely a restoration to health and honor, not merely an intellectual vision of God in a future life, but the vision of God Incarnate with the eyes of his body 898
CHAPTER II.
TYPES OF THE RESURRECTION.
Section I. Jonas in the Belly of the Fish. Jon. iL
Introduction: 1. Time and occasion of the occurrence 897
2. Its Messianic character . 898
Text and Commentary 898
Corollaries: 1. Similarities between Christ and Jonas 401
2. The symbolic use of the story of Jonas 402
Section II The First-Fruits of the Harvest. Lev xxiii. 9-14.
Introduction: 1. Nature of the first-fruits 402
2. Messianic character of the first-fruits 408
Text and Commentary 404
Corollary Closer application of the type to its antitype 406
CHAPTER III.
THE ASCENSION. Ps. lxvii. [lxviii.].
Introduction 1. Structure of the Psalm 407
2. Author of the Psalm 407
8. Messianic character of the Psalm 411
Text and Commentary 412
Corollary: Meaning of 44 "Thou hast led captivity captive " 420
CHAPTER IV.
the paraclete. Joel iL 28-82.
Introduction: 1. Division of the prophecy. 421
2. Time of the prophecy 422
8. Messianic character of the prophecy 428
Text and Commentary 424
Corollaries: 1) The effusion of the Spirit predicted by the prophecy did not happen at the time of Ezechias, but is universal ; 2) the Christian dispensation will last to the day of judgment, in such a way that salvation can be had only through supernatural faith and love ; 3) the elect are but few, and the Holy Ghost resides in them in a peculiar manner 425
CHAPTER V.
the call of the gentiles. Is. lx.
Introduction: 1. The chapter and its context 427
2. Messianic character of the prophecy. 428
Text and Commentary 483
Corollaries: 1) The prophet foretells that the Gentiles will be admitted into the Church, and that they will have the obligation to enter it; 2) the nations of the West appear to evince a more lively interest in the Messianic salvation than those of the East. 8) The adoration of the Magi forms only the beginning of the fulfillment of the prediction, 4) and the history of the Church to our days has sufficiently accomplished the prophetic forebodings 485
CHAPTER VI.
TYPES OF THE MESSIANIC KINGDOM.
Section I. The Tabernacle.
Ex. xxv. 8, 9; xxix. 48; xL 88-86 ; Num. ix. 15-28.
Introduction: 1. Time and occasion of the erection of the Tabernacle 486
2. Description of the Tabernacle 487
8. Messianic character of the Tabernacle 488
Texts and Commentary 489
Corollaries: The Holy of Holies may symbolize God the Father, the Holy Place signifies the daily sacrifice offered, God's visible presence over the Tabernacle has its equivalent in Christ's eucharistic presence, and God's special providence over the people exerted from the Tabernacle has its analogy in the eucharistic graces showered on all Christians 441
Section II. The Mercy-Seat.
Ex. xxv. 17-22; Ps. Ixxix. pxxx.] 1.
Introduction: 1. Description of the Mercy-Seat 442
2. Messianic character of the Mercy-Seat 448
Texts and Commentary 444
Corollary: The Mercy-Seat is a type of the sacrament of penance. 445
Section III. Aaron the Etgh-Priest.
Ex. xxviii. 1 ; xxx. 1, 10; Num. xvi 89, 40.
Introduction, 1. Life of Aaron 445
2. Typical character of Aaron 450
Texts and Commentary 451
Corollary: Aaron may be regarded as typifying Christ offering his bloody sacrifice, just as Melchisedech typifies the priests offering in an unbloody manner 452
Section IV. The Manna.
Ex. xvi. 1-15 ; Ps. lxxvii. [lxxviii.] 24, 25.
Introduction: 1. The manna of Exodus and the natural manna. . 452
2. Typical character of the manna 454
Texts and Commentary 454
Corollary: The manna is especially a type of the Holy Eucharist, 456
Section V. The Meek of Horeb.
Ex. xvii. 5, 6, 7 ; Num. xx. 10, 11 ; Ps. civ. [cv.] 41.
Introduction: 1. The incident and its context 466
2. Messianic application of the event 467
Texts and Commentary 467
Corollaries: 1) The rock in this passage has the meaning which it often has in the original text of the Old Testament ; 2) the rock tried the faith of Moses and Aaron, as the crucified rock tries the faith of the New Testament believers 469
CHAPTER VIL
CONVERSION OF THE SYNAGOGUE. Mich, iv. 1-7.
Introduction: 1. The prophecy and its context 460
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 460
Text and Commentary 462
Corollaries: The prophecy indicates the unity of the Church, its sanctity, catholicity, apostolicity, visibility, indefectibility, and the conversion of the Jews 466
CHAPTER VIII.
THE KINGDOM OF THE WORLD AND THE KINGDOM OF THE MESSIAS.
Dan. ii. 27-47.
Introduction: 1. Occasion of the prophecy. 467
2. Messianic character of the prophecy 467
Text and Commentary 470
Corollaries: The kingdom of God will have God for its author, will last for ever, will belong exclusively to the saints, will destroy all worldly kingdoms, will embrace the whole earth, will begin at the end of the fourth kingdom 477
CHAPTER IX.
CANTICLE OF THANKSGIVING FOR THE MESSIANIC BENEFITS
s. Xii.
Introduction: 1. Structure of the canticle 478
2. Messianic character of the canticle 479
Text and Commentary 480
Corollary: The end of the Messianic work is the glory of God ; the joy expressed by the prophet 1b the same as that expressed by Holy Church in her sublimest act of divine love— the joy over God's great glory. 481
PART V.
THE OFFICES OF THE MESSIAS.
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