An edition of Christian apologetics
(1903)
Christian Apologetics
A Defense Of The Catholic Faith
by Devivier, W. (Walter), 1833-1915 and Messmer, Sebastian G. (Sebastian Gebhard...
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Catholic Church, Apologetics, Apologetic works, History, ImprintsTimes
19th centuryShowing 5 featured editions. View all 5 editions?
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Christian apologetics: a rational exposition and defense of the Catholic Religion
1924, J. F. Wagner
in English
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Book Details
Published in
New York, Cincinnati, Chicago
Table of Contents
CONTENTS.
Editor's Preface 3
List of References 11
PART FIRST.
THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION.
Chap. T. General Explanations 25
Art. I. General Notions 25
I. Religion 25
II. Revelation 29
III. Object and Division of this Course 33
IV. The Three Historical Phases of Revealed Religion. 34
First Phase : Primitive or Patriarchal Religion. 34
Second Phase: Mosaic Religion 35
Third Phase: The Christian Religion 36
Art. II. Examination of Three Preliminary Questions 38
I. The Role of Reason in Matters of Faith 38
II. The Mysteries of Religion 42
III. The Criterion of Certainty in Matters of Faith 46
Chap. II. Historic Value of the Bible 52
Art. I. Authority of the Pentateuch 56
I. Authenticity of the Pentateuch 57
Thesis: The Pentateuch is the Work of Moses, the Lawgiver of the Hebrews 57
II. Integrity of the Pentateuch 60
III. Veracity of the Pentateuch 61
Art. II. The Pentateuch and the Sciences 63
I. The Bible and Geology 72
Thesis: Geology Does Not Contradict the Biblical Account of the Origin and Formation of the Universe of the Earth 72
II. The Bible and Astronomy 86
III. The Bible and Biology 93
IV. The Bible and Paleontology 97
1. Order of Creation of Organisms 97
2. The Origin of Man. Transformism 99
3. The Difference between Man and Animals 102
Thesis: Man Differs Essentially from Animals 104
4. The Unity of the Human Species and its Descent from Adam 110
5. Antiquity of the Human Race 117
V. The Bible and Modern Discoveries in Egypt and Assyria 130
Art. III. Authority of the Gospels 141
I. Authenticity 141
Thesis: The Gospels were Written, in the First Century of the Christian Era, by the Authors whose Names they Bear; that is, by the Apostles or their Immediate Disciples 142
II. Integrity of the Gospels 146
III. Truthfulness of the Gospels 148
IV. Answers to Objections 152
Chap. III. Demonstration of the Divinity of the Christian Religion 161
Art. I. Remarks on the Method to Follow in this Demonstration 161
Art. II. Miracle and Prophecy 163
I. Miracle 163
Thesis: Miracles are Possible 166
Thesis: There are Miracles of the Existence of which we may (I) have Certain Knowledge, (II) the Miraculous Nature of which we may Discern Scientifically or Philosophically 172
II. Prophecy 182
Art. III. Ten Proofs of the Divinity of the Mission of Jesus Christ, and of His Work, the Christian Religion 183
I. First Proof.
The Miracles Performed by Our Lord 183
II. Second Proof.
The Resurrection of Jesus Christ 187
III. Third Proof.
The Fulfilment of the Prophecies Concerning the Person and Mission of Jesus Christ 200
IV. Fourth Proof.
The Miracles of the Apostles and of the Disciples of Jesus 208
V. Fifth Proof.
Fulfilment of the Prophecies Made by Jesus Himself 212
VI. Sixth Proof.
The Miraculous Establishment of the Religion of Jesus, and its Perpetual Duration Through all Ages 217
VII. Seventh Proof.
The Testimony of the Martyrs 229
VIII. Eighth Proof.
The Marvellous Fruits of Christianity, or the Wonderful Revolution which it Effected in the World 236
IX. Ninth Proof.
The Doctrinal Teaching of Christ 243
The Dogmatic Teaching of Christ 244
The Moral Teaching of Christ 252
The Teaching of Christ Concerning Worship 255
X. Tenth Proof.
The Incomparable Holiness of Christ 278
Chap. IV. The Divinity of Jesus Christ 285
Summary of the Ten Proofs. Conclusion of the First Part 292
PART SECOND.
THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH.
Chap. I. General Notions 299
I. Our Object 299
II. The Church 301
Thesis : Jesus Christ Truly and Personally Founded His Religion under the Form of a Real Society, of a Church 303
Chap. II. The Church of Rome is the True Church or Jesus Christ 310
Art. I. Notes of the True Church of Jesus Christ 311
I. Of the Notes in General 311
II. Division of the Notes 313
III. Positive Notes 313
A. Unity 313
I. Unity of Doctrine and Belief 314
Thesis: Jesus Christ Willed that His Church should be One in Doctrine and Belief; that is, He made it an Obligation for Pastors to Teach, and consequently for the Faithful to Believe, Unreservedly, all the Truths Revealed by Him 314
II. Unity of Ministry or Government 317
Thesis: Jesus Christ has Established in the Church an Authority which He confided to the Apostles and to which all the Faithful must Submit ; consequently Whosoever Separates Himself from their Ministry is Guilty of Schism and thereby Excluded from the Church 318
B. Sanctity 321
I. The Sanctity of the Church in General 321
Thesis: The Church of Christ is not Composed Exclusively of Men Just in the Sight of God 323
II. The Sanctity of the Church Considered as a Note 323
C. Catholicity 324
Thesis: Catholicity is an Indispensable Attribute of the True Church 325
D. Apostolicity 327
Thesis: Jesus Christ willed that the Powers Given to His Apostles should be Transmitted to all their Successors 327
Art. II. The Church of Rome Possesses the Four Positive Notes of the True Church 331
I. The Church of Rome Possesses Unity 331
II. The Church of Rome Possesses Sanctity 335
III. The Church of Rome Possesses Catholicity 338
IV. The Church of Rome Possesses Apostolicity 339
Conclusion of Article II 342
Art. III. Protestantism Does Not Possess the Notes of the True Church of Christ 343
I. Protestantism is Absolutely Devoid of Unity 345
II. Protestantism Does Not Possess Holiness 348
III. Protestantism Does Not Possess Catholicity 352
IV. Protestantism Does Not Possess Apostolicity 352
V. The Protestant Rule of Faith Differs from that of Christ 355
Thesis: The Protestant Rule of Faith is Untenable 355
Art. IV. The Schismatic Greek Church Does No Possess the Marks of the True Church 360
I. The Greek Church has Neither Unity of Belief nor of Ministry 366
II. The Greek Church Does Not Possess Sanctity 368
III. The Greek Church Does Not Possess Catholicity 369
IV. The Greek Church Does Not Possess Apostolicity 370 Conclusion 371
Art. V. The Primacy of the See of Peter, or the Papacy 373
First Thesis : Christ Conferred upon St. Peter the Primacy of Jurisdiction over the Whole Church 373
Second Thesis : Jesus Christ Desired that this
Primacy should Descend to the Lawful Successors of Peter 381
Third Thesis: The Church of Rome Possesses the Primacy of the See of Peter 383
Chap. III. Certain Prerogatives Conferred by Jesus Christ upon His Church 391
Art. I. Indefectibility of the Church 391
Thesis : Jesus Christ Wished His Church to Endure without any Essential Change until the End of Time 392
Art. II. Authority or Powers of the Church 393
I. The Power to Teach 394
II. The Power to Confer the Sacraments 397
III. Power to Govern 397
Art. III. Infallibility of the Church 399
I. Its Nature and Necessity 399
First Thesis: The Authority Divinely Established to Teach Men the Doctrine of Jesus Christ must be Infallible in its Teaching. 400
Second Thesis : Jesus Christ Established in His Church an Authority Infallible in its Dogmatic and Moral Teaching 401
II. Object of Infallibility 403
III. Subject of Infallibility 404
Thesis: When He speaks as Head of the Church, with Plenary Doctrinal Authority, the Sovereign Pontiff is Invested with Infallibility 405
IV. Conditions of Infallibility 409
Art. IV. Relations between Church and State 410
First Thesis: The Ecclesiastical Power and the Civil Power, Church and State, are Independent or Sovereign, each Within the Limits of its Proper Sphere of Action 411
I. Independence of the Spiritual Power 411
II. Independence of the Civil Power 415
III. Rights of the Church 416
Second Thesis: In Cases of Conflict, that is, when in Mixed Matters the Two Authorities Prescribe Contradictory Obligations for Members Owing Allegiance to Both Powers, the Authority of the Church must Prevail over that of Civil Society 417
Third Thesis: The Church and the State should Mutually Help Each Other 419
IV. The Church should Aid and Protect the State 420
V. The Temporal Power Owes Assistance to the Church 420
Art. V. On Liberalism and Liberty 424
I. Notions Concerning Liberalism 424
II. Modern Liberties 435
III. Tolerance 442
IV. Notions Concerning Liberty 449
Chap. IV. Certain Accusations against the Church 457
Art. I. Intolerance of the Church 458
I. In What Sense the Catholic Church is Intolerant 458
II. Protestant Intolerance 460
III. Intolerance of Other Enemies of the Church 464
IV. On the Maxim: Outside the Church There is No Salvation 466
Art. II. The Inquisition : 473
I. Lawfulness of the Inquisition in Principle 476
II. The Proceedings of the Inquisition 480
Art. III. The Trial of Galileo 488
I. The Decree of 1616 and the Infallibility of the Church 489
II. Was Galileo a Martyr to Science? 493
Art. IV. The Massacre of St. Bartholomew and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes 496
Art. V. Crusades and So-called Religious Wars 503
Art. VI. The Papal Power over Temporal Rulers in the Middle Ages 507
I. The Power Exercised by the Popes in the Middle Ages over Temporal Princes was Perfectly Lawful 508
II. The Popes Exercised their Rights in a Manner Very Salutary to Society 512
Art. VII. The Temporal Sovereignty of the Popes 514
Art. VIII. Bad Popes 517
Chap. V. The Church and Civilization 521
Art. I. The State of the World before Christ, or Pagan Civilization 523
I. A General Glance 523
II. The Lot of Individuals 526
I. Slaves 526
II. Gladiators 528
III. The Poor and the Unfortunate 530
IV. Workmen 531
III. The Family 531
IV. Public Society and the Relations between Nations. 533
Art. II. The State of the World after Christ, or Christian Civilization 535
I. A General Glance 535
II. The Lot of Individuals 536
I. Slaves and Gladiators 536
II. The Poor and the Unfortunate 539
III. The Working Classes 540
III. Family Life
IV. Public Society and the Relations between Nations. 542
V. Transformation of Barbarous Nations 543
VI. Catholic and Protestant Nations 546
Art. III. The Church and Intellectual Culture 550
I. The Influence of the Church on Letters and Science
II. Th Church and the Fine Arts 557
III. The Church and Education
I. Popular Education : 558
II. University and College Education 567
General Conclusion 571
575 Alphabetical Index
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