It is the argument of this thesis that the political in urban Nepal exists in exchange with a concept of illegitimate rule that is bound to a certain way of inhabiting the public. This is a public ceremonially claimed by those associated with high and low echelons of power. It is also where such displays are anticipated and perused for their connections, as well as what they might indicate in the realm of illicit relations that lies beyond the purview of sight and ceremony. In other words, both the performance and reading of these political spectacles, and the relation between them, take place in the realm of suggested evocation. Halla --which translates as "rumor," but is a term frequently used by urban Nepalis to indicate either an alleged event and/or the force of activity rallied around it--is intrinsic to how this public political arena is maneuvered.

The dissertation is divided into three sections. Each chapter explores a particular dimension of the relationship between illegitimacy, halla, and the public. Part I examines the period from the inception of the unified polity in the late 18 th century until the palace massacre of 2001. I discuss the central role that the King and Valley have played in the administration and conception of the ureban political; particularly with regard to a consciousness about the public as an arena of political ceremony, intervention, and dissent. The remaining four chapters focus on the period between November 2003 and May 2005 when I conducted fieldwork in a part of old Patan city affiliated with those of lower Newar caste. Part II investigates how these streets and neighborhoods were navigated and marked by those seeking to authenticate certain claims to public duty and justice. Part III considers the political implications of the halla communities that formed around the circulation of two frightful images.