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Simosaurus gaillardoti H.v. Meyer, 1842, is recognized as the only species of its genus. An amended diagnosis of the genus is given here. Simosaurus mougeoti H.v. Meyer, 1842, is a lower jaw of Nothosaurus; Simosaurus guilielmi H.v. Meyer, 1847-1855, is a junior synonym of Simosaurus gaillardoti. The skeletal morphology of Simosaurus is redescribed in detail and compared to that of other stem-group (non plesio- and pliosaur) Sauropterygia (including Placodus). Ninety-four skeletal characters are defined and used in a phylogenetic analysis. Placodus is shown to be the sister-taxon of the Eosauropterygia, placodonts and eosauropterygians together constituting the monophyletic Sauropterygia. Within the Eosauropterygia, Corosaurus is the sister-taxon of an unnamed clade comprising Pacypleurosauroidea plus Eusauropterygia. Simosaurus is the sister-taxon to all other eusauropterygians included in the analysis (the Cymatosaurus-Nothosaurus-Lariosaurus-Pistosaurus clade). Functional morphological correlates of the skeleton suggest that Simosaurus was capable of sustained swimming in the shallow epicontinental sea in pursuit of prey such as "holostean"-grade fishes and, perhaps, ammonites.
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Subjects
Morphology, Sauropterygia, Phylogeny, Simosaurus gaillardotiEdition | Availability |
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Osteology of Simosaurus Gaillardoti and the Relationships of Stem-group Sauropterygia: Fieldiana, Geology, new series, no. 28
Oct 15, 2018, Franklin Classics
hardcover
0343267896 9780343267896
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2
Osteology of Simosaurus Gaillardoti and the Relationships of Stem-Group Sauropterygia: Fieldiana, Geology, New Series, No. 28
Nov 11, 2018, Franklin Classics Trade Press
hardcover
0353315435 9780353315433
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3
Osteology of Simosaurus Gaillardoti and the Relationships of Stem-Group Sauropterygia: Fieldiana, Geology, New Series, No. 28
2018, Creative Media Partners, LLC
in English
0343267888 9780343267889
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4
Osteology of Simosaurus gaillardoti and the relationships of stem-group Sauropterygia
1994, Field Museum of Natural History
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