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In dem Buch wird der Versuch unternommen, jenen Teil einer linguistischen Theorie zu entwerfen, der sich auf die syntaktische, die den Bau des Satzes betreffende Komponente bezieht. Chomsky versucht, den Aufgabenbereich einer neuen Linguistik zu formulieren: Sie habe sich mit dem Studium der „generativen“ Grammatik (im Gegensatz zur traditionellen) zu befassen, Informationen über die Struktur der Sprache zu erfragen und über deren formale Beschreibung zu Einsichten über sprachliche „Universalien“ zu gelangen. Unter dieser „generativen Grammatik“ ist ein System von Regeln zu verstehen, mit denen eine beliebige Zahl von Sätzen erzeugt werden kann. Jeder Sprecher einer Sprache hat sich eine solche generative Grammatik offenbar vollständig angeeignet. Chomsky geht es darum, diese Sprachkenntnis zu charakterisieren, die dem aktuellen Sprachgebrauch eines Sprecher-Hörers zugrunde liegt.
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Aspekte der Syntax-Theorie
1973, Suhrkamp Verlag, Suhrkamp
Paperback
in German
- 1. Auflage
3518076426 9783518076422
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Noam Chomsky's 'Aspects of the theory of syntax', published in 1965, was a landmark work in generative grammar that introduced certain technical innovations still drawn upon in contemporary work. The fiftieth anniversary edition of this influential book includes a new preface by the author that identifies proposals that seem to be of lasting significance, reviews changes and improvements in the formulation and implementation of basic ideas, and addresses some of the controversies that arose over the general framework. Beginning in the mid-fifties and emanating largely from MIT, linguists developed an approach to linguistic theory and to the study of the structure of particular languages that diverged in many respects from conventional modern linguistics. Although the new approach was connected to the traditional study of languages, it differed enough in its specific conclusions about the structure of language to warrant a name, 'generative grammar'. Various deficiencies were discovered in the first attempts to formulate a theory of transformational generative grammar and in the descriptive analysis of particular languages that motivated these formulations. At the same time, it became apparent that these formulations can be extended and deepened. In this book, Chomsky reviews these developments and proposes a reformulation of the theory of transformational generative grammar that takes them into account. The emphasis in this study is syntax; semantic and phonological aspects of the language structure are discussed only insofar as they bear on syntactic theory.--
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