Traces the history of the Jews in interwar Poland against the background of the political situation in the country. Discusses the legal status of the Jews, and formal equality of rights and its limitations, underlining the role of the Nationalist Movement (Endecja) in attempts to limit the rights of the Jews. Describes economic antisemitism and projects to legislate various anti-Jewish laws, especially after 1935 (e.g. limitations on ritual slaughter). The proposals regarding a numerus clausus and ghetto benches were not ratified, but existed in some universities de facto. Notes, however, that there was an escalation in the official anti-Jewish atmosphere in the late 1930s, but many of the proposed laws were not enacted because the war broke out.