An edition of England and Rome
(1854)
England and Rome
or, The history of the religious connection between England and the Holy see : from the year 179, to the commencement of the Anglican reformation in 1534 ; with observations on the general question of the supremacy of the Roman pontiffs
by W. Waterworth
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Foreign relations, Popes, Primacy, Church history, History, Catholic Church, PapacyPlaces
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Table of Contents
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER THE FIRST.
ST. PETER'S CONNEXION WITH ROME.
Statements relative to St. Peter and the Popes to be examined in this work — Necessity of this examination at the present period — Who first denied St. Peters visit to Rome — Occasion of the denial — Repeated by some heretics, but successfully combated by Catholic and anti-Catholic writers of celebrity. — Proofs of St. Peter's visit to Rome from the Fathers of the first five centuries — Reason assigned for this visit. — Simon Magus — His character — Neander's observations regarding him refuted. — Local proofs of St Peter's visit to Rome — The Tullian or Mamertine prison — House of Pudens — Altar — Chains — Place of martyrdom — Tomb — Church called Domino qud vadis — Argument derived from St. Peter's Epistle written at Babylon — Burton's acknowledgment — Dollinger's reconciliation of scripture and chronology — Arguments against St. Peter's visit, mainly resultant from an ignorance of the state of the question — Conclusion.
Nature, object, and division of this work 1
Marsilius first denied St Peter's Journey to Rome 3
Opposed by a host of writers 4
The Fathers believed in St Peter's visit 5
Papias and Clement of Alexandria 5
Caius and Denis of Corinth 7
Irenseus and Tertullian 8
Origen and Lactantius 9
St Peter of Alexandria and St. Optatus 10
St. Jerome and Rufinus 11
SS. Austin and Chrysostom, and Theodoret 12
Popes Innocent and Gelasius 13
St. Peter went to Rome to oppose Magus 14
Account of this man by Justin 11
Tertullian, Vincent of Lerins, and Amobius 15
St. Clement of Alexandria and Parian 16
SS. Epiphanius, Ambrose, and Philastrius 17
Refutation of Neander's hypothesis 18
Local traditions at Rome relative to St. Peter's death, &c 19
Burton's admissions 20
His difficulty explained 24
Dollinger's observations 25
Further proofs derived from St.
Mark's gospel 26
St. Clement's and Papias' evidence 26
St. Jerome and Eusebius 27
The word Babylon in St. Mark's gospel, means Rome 28
Admitted even by Protestants 30
CHAPTER THE SECOND.
ST. PETER WAS BISHOP OF ROME AND HEAD OF THE CHURCH.
St Peter was Bishop of Rome — Proved — 1. From the names of the Roman See — 2. From the appeals of the Fathers to the Prelates of this See — 3. From the Liberian, Pauline, and other catalogues of every age. — St Peter was not only Bishop of Rome, but the Head of the Church — Proved from the words of Christ, and the concurrent testimony of the Fathers — An objection answered — Summary of the opinions and belief of the Fathers : — This summary presents to the Christian overwhelming evidence of the point in question.
St. Peter, Bishop of Rome 34
Proved from the Catalogues, preserved by the Fathers 35
St. Irenaeus 35
Tertullian 37
(*) Nullity of the Anglican pretence to Apostolicity 37
Eusebius and Epiphanius 39
SS. Austin and Optatus 40
St. Jerome 41
Liberian Catalogue 41
Mural Catalogue in St. Paul's 43
St. Peter, Head of the Church, —
Bossuet's Observations 45
Scriptural proof from S. Matthew xvi, 15-17 47
And from S. John xxi, 15-17 52
Patristic Evidence: — St. Irenaeus 53
Tertullian, and Origen 54
St. Cyprian 65
SS. James of Nisibis, and Optatus 57
SS. Ephrem and Ambrose 58
S. Jerome 59
SS. Chrysostom and Augustine 60
(*) Observations on S. Augustine's Retraction 61
St. Isidore of Pelusium 62
SS. Andrew of Caesarea, Cyril of Alex., Chrysologus and Leo 63
Synopsis of the Titles applied to St. Peter 65
CHAPTER THE THIRD.
PRIMACY OF THE POPES — THE SUCCESSORS OF ST. PETER IN THE ROMAN SEE.
The Church to exist on one, because originally bsed on one — The Roman Pontiff, the Successor of St. Peter, is the foundation, the basis of the Church in all times. — The Protestant mode of proving the Prelacy proves the Primacy too. — The existence of the Popedom is, all circumstances considered, a proof of its divinity. — The Primacy further proved by a cloud of ecclesiastical witnesses — By notorious facts showing how the Popes exercised their power in the East and West in the Paschal, Baptismal, Arian, Nestorian, Pelagian, and other Controversies — Proved again by the Convocation &c. of Councils — And by the Appeals made to Rome by the East and West, both by Catholics and men of Heterodox principles. — Summary of Evidence, all in favour of Rome, nothing in favour of Anglican pretensions. — Not as much extrinsic Evidence for several books of the New Testament as for the Primacy of Rome. — Definition of the Council of Florence ; and declaration contained in the profession of faith of Pope Pius.
The Church to exist as originally constituted 68
Object of the Supremacy, and its perpetuity 69
The Popes recognised as the Successors of St. Peter 70
S. Clement and Hennas 71
S. Ignatius 72
SS. Irenseus and Cyprian 74
SS. Hilary and Damasus 76
St. Ambrose 77
SS. Siricius, Anastasius, and Jerome 78
SS. Chrysostom and Innocent 80
St Austin 82
SS. Cyril of Alex, and Celestine 83
S. Boniface 84
Sixth Council of Carthage 85
Theodoret, St Peter Chrysol. Vincent of Lerins 86
St. Leo and the Bishops of Tarragon 87
The Supremacy proved from the Paschal Controversy 88
From the Controversy on Baptism 90
From the Arian Controversy 91
Eastern Prelates restored by the Roman Bishop 93
Heretics and Infidels even acquainted with the fact of Rome's Supremacy 95
The Synod of Nice convened by Silvester 97
The Fathers at Constantinople subject to the Pope 99
As also those at the Council of Ephesus 101
And at Chalcedon 103
Pope Leo refuses to approve of the elevation of the See of Constantinople 105
The evidence of Antiquity favourable to Rome's Supremacy alone 107
Summary of the Evidence adduced 109
Consequence of rejecting this Evidence 110
St. Bernard's opinion of the Popedom 112
Decree of the C. of Florence, and Declaration of Pius IV 112
CHAPTER THE FOURTH.
UNION WITH ROME IS ESSENTIAL: WITHOUT IT THERE CAN BE NO CATHOLICITY.
Necessity of Union with Rome — This a consequence of previous statements — Proved by many striking passages from the Fathers. — By virtue of this union alone, is any Church entitled to the name of Catholic. — Protestantism not Catholic in any sense.
None Catholics, but those who are subject to Rome 114
Observations of St Optatus 115
St Ambrose 118
St. Jerome and John of Constantinople 119
SS. Augustine and Pacian 120
Countries in Communion with Rome, Catholic 121
CHAPTER THE FIFTH.
ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF THE BRITISH CHURCH.
The British Church from its origin, Catholic — Recent denials of this futile — Many British documents destroyed — Cause of this — Details on this point — The arguments of Burgess, Stillingfleet, and Palmer in favor of an independent British Church, absolutely null and void. — History of the Origin and Establishment of the British Church, derived from Bede, Llyver Teilo, and Triads , — British Prelates at Arles and Sardica, in union with the Pope and the rest of Christendom. — Rise of Pelagianism. History of Pelagius — his country, doctrines, condemnation and wanderings. — Messengers sent to Britain to crush the heresy — History of Germanus. — Answers to modem objections relative to this Mission. — Withdrawal of the Roman Legions from Britain — Sad results both to Church and State on this event and the rebellion of the Saxons. — Who these were — Still continuous evidence of the faith and dependence of Britain down to the establishment of the Saxon Dynasty.
Mode of discovering the exact character of the British Church 123
Cause of the scarcity of direct evidence 124
No Church here before the year 179 126
V. Bede's account of the introduction of Christianity 128
King Lucius and his people baptized 129
Account of the origin of Christianity, in the Triads 131
British Prelates at Arles 133
Kept Easter with Rome, Offered up the Mass, &c 134
British Prelates at Sardica, in Communion with Rome 135
Trials of Britain, — Pelagius 137
S. Germanus is sent by Pope Celestine, to put down Pelagianism 140
His proceedings, and the evidences of his missio 141
Second visit of St Germanus, and its results 144
Origin of Britain's calamities 144
The Saxons nearly overthrow Christianity in Britain 146
Continued proofs of the dependence of the British Church on Rome 147
The Britons retire into Wales : the Saxons take their places 149
CHAPTER THE SIXTH.
HISTORY OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CHRISTIANITY AMONG THE SAXONS.
Pope Gregory's anxiety to convert the Saxons — Origin of this anxiety. — Sends Augustine and others to convert them. — Journey of the Missioners — The instructions given them — Arrangements for the establishment of the Hierarchy. — Arrival of the Missioners — Their reception — Zeal — Conversion of the king and others. — Conduct of the Missioners — Conference of Augustine and the British Prelates — Results — The British Church not independent — Even if it had claimed to be so, Anglicanism cannot thence derive any argument in favour of the Establishment. — The Anglo-Saxon Church — Its history one continuous proof of Rome's Supremacy.
St. Gregory wishes to convert the I He sends Augustine and several Saxons 152.
other monks into England 153
Writes letters in behalf of the Missioners 154
Augustine arrives and preaches before King Ethelbert 155
Ethelbert's kindness 157
He is converted 159
Gregory's letters on receiving the joyful intelligence 160
His regulations regarding the hierarchy 161
Augustine's conference with the British Prelates 164
He works a miracle in proof of his mission 165
Displeasure of the Britons, — its cause 166
Foolish defence of the refractory Britons 168
Illogical inferences 175
Doctrines and practices of the Britons 177
Augustine consecrates several Prelates 178
Justus is made Archbishop and receives the pall 179
Conversion of Edwin 180
Pope Honorius' letter 180
Troubles of Paulinus 182
Frithona, the first native Archbishop of Canterbury 183
Kings write to Rome for fresh Bishops 184
Pope Vitalian's letter and presents 185
Archbishop Theodore 186
His titles 187
Disputes between Theodore and St. Wilfrid 188
Appeals to Rome 188
Brithwald's disputes with St Wilfrid 190
Wilfrid goes to Rome — his success 191
Letter of Pope Agatho, and its results 191
Fresh arrangements in the hierarchy, by Pope Gregory III 192
Litchfield made an Archbishopric 193
Decree of the Synod of Cloveshoe 194
The Archbishops obliged to go to Rome for the pall 196
Tatwine and Egbert go for their pall 198
Jambert is made Archbishop 200
Papal Legates at the Council of Calcuith 201
Distinction between the regal and pontifical power 201
Doctrines advocated at the Council of Calcuith 203
Results of the incursion of the Danes 206
Alfred is anointed by Leo IV, at Rome 207
Peter-penee 208
The Pope threatens to excommunicate England 209
The same threat uttered against King Edward 210
Ethelred goes to Rome to prove his innocence 212
His sudden death 213
Odo refuses the Archbishopric of Canterbury 214
Cause of this refusal 214
Odo's constitutions in reference to the kingly and priestly power 216
Account of Elfin's death, on his way to Rome 218
Dunstan's zeal in reforming the Clergy 219
John XII seconds the Archbishop's endeavours 221
Dunstan's death 222
Alfric — his character and reformations 225
Archbishop Elphige is murdered by the Danes 227
The Anglo-Saxon lament 228
Canute's piety : he repairs to Rome 230
The Confessor's vow, commuted by Leo IX 235
Archbishop Roberts is persecuted, and appeals to Rome 236
Stigand is suspended 237
William the Conqueror, solicits the Pontiff to send a Legate to England 239
The doctrinal system of the Anglo-Saxons 240
Misrepresentations of modem writers 250
CHAPTER THE SEVENTH.
HISTORY OF THE CHURCH IN ENGLAND FROM THE NORMAN INVASION DOWN TO THE YEAR 1534.
Continuous proofs of the dependence of the Church in England on Rome, from the Norman invasion down to the year 1534 — This dependence evident from every Archiepiscopal appointment ; from the appeals of kings, bishops and monks, and from the unvarying conduct of the Popes — Evident too from the doctrines openly professed : these doctrines the same as are now professed by the Catholic Church — Separation when and how, and by whom effected — Result — Conclusion of the work.
Subjection of the Conqueror to the Holy See 251
Lanfranc made Archbishop, and goes to Rome 252
The Conqueror is reproved by S. Gregory VII 253
Death of Lanfranc 255
Anselm appointed Archbishop 256
Unworthy conduct of William Rufus 256
Anselm refuses the pall, from the King's hands 257
He goes to Rome : seizure of the temporalities of the Church by Rufus 258
Anselm at the C. of Bari; his learning 259
The Pope threatens Rufus 259
Negotiations between the Papal and English Courts 260
Anselm returns to England 260
Struggles about investiture 261
Excommunications and threats 264
Anselm dies 264
The Irish Church subject to Canterbury 265
The Pope reluctantly assents to Radulph's appointment to Canterbury 266
The Archiepiscopal oath 267
English Prelates at the C. of Rheims 269
Honours paid to the Papal Legate 270
Innocent II sends his Legate into England 271
Elevation of the Bishop of Winchester, to the dignity of Legate 272
The plan to involve Canterbury in difficulties 273
Theobald refuses to crown Stephen's son 274
St. Thomas & Becket 275
The Pope gives Ireland to Henry II, conditionally 276
Consecration of St. Thomas 277
Origin and nature of this Saint's troubles: Constitutions of Clarendon 279
Noble conduct of the French King 281
The Pope condemns the Constitutions 282
King Henry's revenge 282
St. Thomas refuses to absolve the excommunicated : his death 284
Remorse of Henry and the Murderers 285
Canonization of & Becket : Miracles 287
His feast, ordered to be observed 288
Pontifical instructions 289
English Bishops at the C. of Lateran 290
Appeals to Rome by the monks of Canterbury; the result 291
The Bishop of Ely made Legate, at King Richard's request 293
He is persecuted ; but defended by the Pope 293
Hubert crowns King Richard 294
He resigns his secular offices, at the Pontiff's command 295
Langton is made Archbishop by Pope Innocent 296
King John opposes him ; and the kingdom is laid under an interdict 297
Deposition of John: observations on the deposing power 298
John seeks to be reconciled to the Pontiff 299
Makes England tributary to Rome 300
Magna Charta 301
Innocent's displeasure with the Barons : its grounds 302
Langton suspended by the Pope 302
The King writes to Rome to oppose the appointment of Hemesham 304
Result of this appeal and of Wethershead's 304
Edmund, prebendary of Sarum, appointed Archbishop 305
His trials and character 306
The acts of the Synod of Lambeth, sent to Rome 308
Respectful language of all orders to the Pope 309
Grosstete 310
His ideas of the papal power 311
English Prelates at the C. of Lyons 312
Peckham made Archbishop: his character 312
His instructions to the Clergy, and firmness 313
In obedience to the Pope, he communicates to Edward the Pontifical threat 315
Honorius IV refuses King Edward atenth 315
The Bishop of Hereford's appeal against Peckham 316
The Scotch wish to shake off the English yoke, and appeal to Pope Boniface 318
Boniface's letter to the English Sorereign 318
Reply of the King and Council 319
The Pontiff 's rejoinder 321
The Clergy are forbidden hy Pope Nicholas IV, to grant the tenths to the King 322
The King displeased, but relents, and restores to the Church its liberties 323
Pontifical favours lavished on Archbishop Reynolds 324
Edward asks the Pope to diminish the number of Irish Bishoprics 324
The Templars are condemned by Pope Clement 325
The statute, Articuli Cleri: its objects 325
Edward seeks to quell the Irish rebellion, through the Pope 326
O'Niel's explanations to John XXII, and the result 327
The monks of Canterbury appeal against Mepham 328
Edward appeals in vain against some Pontifical appointments 330
The King's letter to Clement VI. 332
Islip, Archbishop 333
The Lollards and Wy cliff, condemned 333
Wycliffe retracts ; and dies 335
The enemies of Lylde are excommunicated by the Pope 336
Sudbury, formerly chaplain to Innocent VI, Archbishop 338
Fidelity of England to the rightful Pontiff, during the great schism 338
Appeals to Rome, by several Bishops, against Archbishop Courtney 341
Important transactions relating to the schism 343
Rome rescinds the privileges conferred on Oxford 344
English Prelates at the C. of Constance 345
Regulations of Pope Martin, regarding non-residents 346
The Pontiff reproaches Chichley, for not opposing the royal wishes 347
Chichley is disgraced; but the King and Bishops write in his behalf 348
England sides with Pope Eugenius against the C. of Basle 349
Eugenius convenes a Council at Ferrara: English Prelates assist 350
Recantation of the Bishop of Chichester 354
St. Andrew's and Glasgow made Archbishoprics 355
Letter of Pope Sixtus, relative to the affairs of England 356
The Clergy taxed, by permission of the Pontiff 358
Papal favours conferred on Henry VII 358
Language used on the delivery of the Pall 359
Warham is made Archbishop: his character 360
Papal grants to England 361
Henry VIII. made Defender of the Faith 362
His arguments against Luther 362
Bull of Leo X. to Henry 365
Cranmer takes the usual oaths at his consecration 366
Anglicanism established 367
The King made Supreme in Church matters 368
The mark of Unity destroyed by the new Church 371
No consistency of principle and conduct 372
Sanctity forfeited 375
And Apostolidty 376
Anglican jurisdiction, derived only from the Grown 377
Catholicity forfeited 378
Catholicity the only divine system of faith 382
Consistency leads to Catholicity 383
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| August 9, 2024 | Edited by MARC Bot | import existing book |
| May 23, 2020 | Edited by CoverBot | Added new cover |
| May 8, 2016 | Edited by ww2archive | added toc |
| May 7, 2016 | Edited by ww2archive | added edition |
| May 7, 2016 | Created by ww2archive | Added new book. |