An edition of History of Poland
(1979)
History of Poland
2nd ed.
by Aleksander Gieysztor
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668 p. : ill., maps (some col.) ; 24 cm.
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History of Poland
1979, PWN, Polish Scientific Publishers
Hardcover
in English
- 2nd ed.
8301003928 9788301003920
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Book Details
Table of Contents
Contents … 5
– Plates … 12
– Maps in the Text … 14
– Inserted Maps … 15
– Diagrams … 16
◦
INTRODUCTION (S. Kieniewicz, translated by K. Cękalska) … 17
◦
MEDIEVAL POLAND
(by A. Gieysztor , translated by K. Cękalska) … 23
◦
I. BEFORE THE RISE OF THE POLISH STATE … 25
Slavic Antiquity … 25
The Slavic Wends and the Germans on the Fringes of Roman Influence … 28
Slavic Migrations and the Age of Crises (The Fifth to the Seventh Centuries) … 31
◦
II. THE ORIGINS OF POLAND … 35
Economic Foundations of Poland in the Early Middle Ages … 35
The Social Structure and Organization of Regional States … 37
The Origins of the Polanes … 41
The Spiritual and Mental Culture on the Eve of the Unification of the Polish State … 43
◦
III. THE EARLY YEARS OF THE POLISH STATE … 47
The Consolidation of the State and the Christianization of Poland in 966 … 47
Polish Boundaries Established in the Odra and Vistula Basins … 50
The Polish Empire under Bolesław the Brave … 52
The Crisis of the First Polish Monarchy … 55
Economic and Cultural Achievements of the Architects of the State … 57
◦
IV. THE AGE OF MATURITY OF THE POLISH MONARCHY … 65
Struggle for International Position and the Establishment of Royal Authority … 65
Feudal Disintegration Gains the Upper Hand (1138-1146) … 67
Economic Foundations of the Oligarchy. Village and Town Prior to the Mid-Twelfth Century … 71
Cultural Relations in the Eleventh Century and in the First Half of the Twelfth Century … 76
◦
V. THE CENTURY OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SOCIAL TRANSITION … 80
Evolution of Settlements in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries … 80
Foreign Colonization and the Introduction of German Law in the Thirteenth Century … 84
The Duchies of Poland … 89
The Growing External Danger … 93
Efforts at Unification in the Late Thirteenth and the Early Fourteenth Centuries … 97
Transition of Polish Culture from the Romanesque to the Gothic … 102
◦
VI. THE CORONA REGNI POLONIAE AT THE HEIGHT OF ITS POWER IN THE FOURTEENTH AND THE FIFTEENTH CENTURIES … 107
The State Apparatus Centralized … 107
Political Problems in the Reigns of Władysław the Short and Casimir the Great … 111
The Period of Angevin Rule … 114
The Union of Poland and Lithuania. The Struggle with the Teutonic Order … 114
Poland and Lithuania in the Hussite Period. The Union with Hungary … 117
The Growing Political Role of the Gentry. The Restitution of Crown Lands … 120
Casimir IV’s Foreign Policy in the Second Half of His Reign … 121
From Land Diets to a National Parliament … 122
Western Pomerania, Lubusz Land and Silesia in the Fourteenth and the Fifteenth Centuries … 125
Economic Life in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries … 127
Culture in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries … 133
◦
THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE GENTRY
(by J. Tazbir (VII-IX) and by E. Rostworowski (X-XIII), translated by L. Szwajcer and A. Szymanowski)
◦
VII. POLAND’S “GOLDEN AGE” (1492-1586) … 145
General Characteristics of the Period … 145
Between the Habsburgs and Muscovy … 146
The Social and Political Foundations of the “Democracy of the Gentry” … 149
The Movement for the “Execution-of-the-Law” … 154
Sigismund Augustus’ Foreign Policy … 156
The Reformation … 158
The First Interregnum and the Period of Elective Kings … 161
The Policy and Wars of Stephen Batory … 167
Batory and the Gentry … 169
Humanism in Poland … 170
The Development of a National Culture … 171
Renaissance Culture and Life … 176
◦
VIII. THE COMMONWEALTH AT THE TURNING POINT (1586-1648) … 180
The struggle for power … 180
The Political Crisis of the Commonwealth … 181
The Zebrzydowski Rebellion … 184
Attempts to Check Russia … 186
The Conflict with Turkey … 188
The Agrarian Crisis … 190
The Growing Importance of the Magnates … 192
The Situation of Towns and Burghers … 196
The Doctrine of the Counter-Reformation … 197
The Methods of the Counter-Reformation … 199
The Election and Reign of Władysław IV … 203
The Cossack Question … 206
◦
IX. THE COMMONWEALTH IN THE YEARS OF CRISIS (1648-1696) … 211
The Main Features of the Period … 211
The War with the Cossacks … 212
The Swedish Invasion of 1655 … 214
The Peace of Oliwa and the Eastern Question … 217
Attempts to Introduce Reform and the Lubomirski Rebellion … 218
War with Turkey … 220
The Anti-Turkish League … 221
Economic and Political Crisis … 223
Religious Problems … 225
Sarmatian Baroque … 226
Literature and Arts … 229
Education and Learning … 231
◦
X. THE CRISIS OF SOVEREIGNTY (1697-1763) … 234
General View of the Eighteenth Century … 234
The Personal Union of Saxony and Poland … 235
The Northern War and the Struggle for the Crown … 237
The Confederation of Tarnogród and the Arbitration of Peter I … 239
The Struggle for the Polish Throne … 242
Demilitarization and Neutralization of the Commonwealth … 245
The System of “Anarchy” … 247
Western Pomerania and Silesia under Prussian Rule … 251
Sarmatian and Catholic Conformism … 253
Late-Baroque Culture … 256
The Forces of Progress … 261
The Political Deadlock … 265
◦
XI. TENTATIVE REFORMS UNDER RUSSIA’S TUTELAGE (1763-1788) … 267
The Russo-Prussian Alliance … 267
The Plans of “The Family” … 268
The Interregnum (1763-1764) … 270
The First Years of Stanisiaw Augustus … 272
The Confederation of Radom and the Seym of 1767-1768 … 275
The Confederation of Bar (1768-1772) … 277
The First Partition ... 280
Constitutional Transformations (1773-1780) … 283
Government by the Permanent Council … 285
◦
XII. THE SOCIETY AND CIVILIZATION OF THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT … 288
The Economic Revival … 288
The Social Transformation … 293
Conflict of Fashions and Ideals … 297
The Intellectual Upheaval … 300
◦
XIII. THE STRUGGLE FOR THE INDEPENDENCE AND FOR THE REFORM OF THE COMMONWEALTH (1788-1794) … 305
The End of the Guarantee … 305
The Seym Control … 307
Political Literature … 310
The Constitution of 3 May, 1791 … 315
The Russian Intervention and the Second Partition (1792-1793) … 320
The Emigration and the Situation at Home … 322
The Insurrection of 1794 … 325
The Extinction of the Polish State … 332
◦
POLAND UNDER FOREIGN RULE 1795-1918
(by S. Kieniewicz (XIV-XVII) and by H. Wereszycki (XVIII-XXI), translated by I. Ralf-Suez and J. Rodzińska)
◦
XIV. THE NAPOLEONIC ERA (1795-1815) … 337
The Enfranchisement of the Peasants and the National Uprisings … 337
Poland after the Third Partition … 338
Attitude of the Population and the Independence Movement … 340
The Legions … 342
Adam Czartoryski and the Puławy Plan … 345
Jena and Tilsit … 346
The Constitution of the Duchy of Warsaw … 348
Economic and Social Changes Within the Duchy of Warsaw … 351
The Year 1809 … 354
The Downfall of the Duchy of Warsaw … 356
◦
XV. THE KINGDOM OF POLAND AND THE NOVEMBER INSURRECTION (1815-1831) … 360
Pesasant Reform in Prussian Poland … 360
Establishment of the Congress Kingdom of Poland … 363
The Agrarian Question in the Kingdom of Poland … 367
The Beginnings of Modern Industry in the Kingdom of Poland … 369
Opposition and Conspiracy … 373
Neo-Classicism and Romanticism … 377
The Origins and the Outbreak of the November Insurrection, 1830 … 380
The Political Struggle to Control the Insurrection … 382
◦
The Polish-Russian War … 384
The Revolutionary Left and the Peasant Question … 385
The International Situation and the Collapse of the Rising … 388
◦
XVI. ON THE EVE OF AN AGRARIAN REVOLUTION (1832-1849) … 391
Reprisals after the Insurrection … 391
Economic Development in the Three Partition Zones … 392
The Liberal Camp and “Organic Work” … 394
The National Question in Silesia and Pomerania … 397
The Great Emigration … 398
Conspiracy Within Poland … 405
The Disaster of 1846 … 409
The Poznań Rising of 1848 … 413
Galicia in 1848 … 418
Poles in European Revolutionary Movements … 420
Polish Culture in the Romantic Period … 422
◦
XVII. THE PERIOD OF THE JANUARY INSURRECTION (1850-1864) … 431
The Revolutionary Situation in Russia and Poland … 431
Patriotic Demonstrations … 435
The National Organization … 438
The Armed Struggle of 1863 … 441
The Emancipation of the Peasants and the End of the Period of National Risings … 445
◦
XVIII. POSITIVISM AND TRI-LOYALISM. THE BEGINNINGS OF THE WORKING-CLASS MOVEMENT (1864-1885) … 449
The Aftermath of Disaster … 449
The Post-1863 Emigration … 450
The Russianization Policy in the Kingdom … 451
The Polish Provinces of Prussia. The Kulturkampf and the National Revival in Silesia … 456
The Autonomy of Galicia … 458
The Development of Industry in the Congress Kingdom … 463
Positivism … 465
The Beginings of the Polish Working-Class Movement … 473
The “Proletariat” … 476
The Beginnings of the Peasant Movement … 478
Three Provinces and One Nation … 479
◦
XIX. THE FORMATION OF MASS POLITICAL PARTIES. NATIONALISM AND SOCIALISM (1885-1904) … 482
The Prussian Expulsions. The Colonization Commission … 482
The Polish League … 484
The Socialist Movement … 486
Attempts at Compromise with the German and Russian Governments … 489
Polish Nationalism at the Turn of the Century … 492
The Peasant Movement in Galicia … 493
The Defence of Polish Nationality in the Prussian Area … 495
Economic Emigration … 498
“Young Poland” and the Arts … 500
◦
XX. THE PERIOD OF REVOLUTION AND THE APPROACHING EUROPEAN WAR (1904-1914) … 505
Changes in Russian Economic Policy Towards Poland … 505
The 1905 Revolution in the Russian Empire and Poland … 506
The Reorientation of the Policy of the National Democrats … 513
The Expropriation Decree in Prussian Poland and the National League … 515
Political Changes in Galicia … 516
The Debate on Political Attitudes on the Eve of the World War … 518
◦
XXI. THE FIRST WORLD WAR AND THE REBUILDING OF THE POLISH STATE (1914-1918) … 521
Piłsudski and the Legions … 521
The Austro-German Occupation of the Kingdom … 525
The Declaration of 5 November, 1916 … 526
The Downfall of the Tsarist Régime, 1917 … 528
The Regency Council … 530
The October Revolution and the Peace Treaty of Brześć Litewski (Brest Litovsk) … 531
Germany’s Defeat. The Declaration of the Powers on the Polish Question, 1918 … 533
The Liberation of the Austrian Area … 535
The Świeżynski Government … 536
The Lublin Government … 537
Liberated Poland … 538
◦
POLAND 1918-1939
(by H. Wereszycki, translated by J. Rodzińska)
◦
XXII. THE DEMARCATION OF THE FRONTIERS AND THE ENACTMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION (1918-1921) … 543
The First Moments of Independence … 543
The Legislative Seym … 546
The Peace Treaties … 549
The War with Soviet Russia … 550
The Demarcation of the Western Frontiers … 552
The March Constitution, 1921 … 555
◦
XXIII. PARLIAMENTARY GOVERNMENT (1922-1926) … 558
The 1922 Elections … 558
Władysław Grabski and the Stabilization of the Currency … 560
The Ukrainian and Byelorussian Questions … 563
The Communist Movement … 564
Polish Foreign Policy and Locarno … 565
Education, Science and Culture … 567
◦
XXIV. PROSPERITY AND THE CRISIS: THE STRUGGLE TO LEGALIZE PIŁSUDSKI’S DICTATORSHIP (1926-1931) … 577
The May coup d’état … 577
The Social Aspect of Piłsudski’s Dictatorship … 579
The Struggle between the Government and the Seym … 580
Gdynia and Mościce … 582
The Centre-Left and the Brześć Affair … 584
The Great Economic Crisis of 1929-1931 … 586
◦
XV. TOWARDS TOTAL DICTATORSHIP (1931-1939) … 588
The Foreign Policy of Piłsudski … 588
The Death of Piłsudski. The Conflict in the Ruling Party … 590
The Growth of Opposition … 595
The National Unity Camp … 596
Beck and the Cieszyn Question … 599
Facing German Aggression (1938-1939) … 601
◦
CONCLUSION … 605
(by S. Kieniewicz, translated by K. Cękalska)
◦
Chronological tables … 611
Bibliographical notes … 622
Index … 636
Edition Notes
Bibliography: p. [622]-635.
Errata slip inserted.
Includes index.
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